我国残疾人高等职业教育现状与对策研究

发布时间：2019-04-30 06:11

【摘要】：残疾人职业教育是提高残疾人综合素质和职业技能的重要途径。同时，它对促进残疾人自强、自立，平等地参与社会生活，成为社会主义事业的建设者具有至关重要的作用。实践证明，唯有接受教育并通过劳动就业个人的价值才能得以充公分实现。而解决残疾人谋生问题，职业教育无疑尤为关键，因为职业教育旨在让残疾学生学会技能以及掌握本领，从而能够就业，能够生存，能够为社会服务。本研究主要采用文献资料法、历史分析法、比较研究法、调查访谈法和逻辑分析等方法，试图对残疾人高等职业教育这一议题作一全面、系统和深入的分析。具体而言，本研究共分为三个部分：第一部分为第一章，主要分析了课题的研究背景，梳理了残疾人高等职业教育的研究现状，拟定了本研究的基本研究思路与研究方法，勾勒了本研究的基本框架，并就本研究的创新性与存在的挑战进行了分析。第二部分为第二章。该部分首先对残疾人高等职业教育概念进行了厘定，并对残疾人高等职业教育对象的特性进行了分析。而后对残疾人高等职业教育的历史渊源，残疾人高等职业教育理论依据进行了探讨。最后，对发展残疾人高等职业教育的必要性进行了分析。研究认为：残疾人高等职业教育对象是18岁以上，具有高中或同等学历，毕业于中等职业学校、普通高中或职业高中的残疾青少年。这些群体具有个体差异性、心理满后性和群体弱势性等特征。指出残疾人高等职业教育是发展我国教育强国、构建和谐社会和倡导教育公平的内在需求。第三部分共包括第三、四和五章，分别从残疾人高等职业教育现状、存在问题和发展对策三个部分进行了探讨。首先，本研究对残疾人高等职业院校数量、体制结构、区域结构、形式结构、招生规模和科类结构等方面进行了分析。指出传统观念顽固，宣传力度不够；单招工作混乱，招生类别有限；师资力量薄弱，专业化程度较低；资金投入不足，特教津贴不明；专业设置传统，课程内容单一；缺乏相互衔接，支持体系薄弱；权利保障不力，法律不够健全等问题。建议：加大招生宣传力度，完善单考单招制度；健全师资培养机制，加强师资队伍建设；平衡区域结构分布，探索多元化办学；调整专业结构，优化课程设置；扩大办学规模，完善管理模式；注重实用结合，灵活教学形式；完善法律保障体系，，建立长效发展机制。
[Abstract]:Vocational education for the disabled is an important way to improve the comprehensive quality and vocational skills of the disabled. At the same time, it plays an important role in promoting disabled people's self-improvement, self-reliance, equal participation in social life and becoming a builder of socialist cause. Practice has proved that only education and employment of the individual value can be realized. Vocational education is of particular importance in solving the problem of livelihood of the disabled, because vocational education aims to enable students with disabilities to learn skills and skills, so as to be able to find jobs, survive and serve the society. This study mainly uses the methods of literature, historical analysis, comparative research, investigation and interview and logical analysis to make a comprehensive, systematic and in-depth analysis of the topic of higher vocational education for the disabled. Specifically, this study is divided into three parts: the first part is the first chapter, mainly analyzes the research background of the subject, and combs the research status of higher vocational education for the disabled. The basic research ideas and methods of this study are drawn up, the basic framework of this study is outlined, and the innovation and existing challenges of this study are analyzed. The second part is the second chapter. This part first defines the concept of higher vocational education for the disabled, and analyzes the characteristics of the object of higher vocational education for the disabled. Then the historical origin of higher vocational education for the disabled and the theoretical basis of higher vocational education for the disabled are discussed. Finally, the necessity of developing higher vocational education for the disabled is analyzed. The research shows that the subjects of higher vocational education for the disabled are those over 18 years old with high school or equivalent degree and graduated from secondary vocational school, ordinary high school or vocational high school. These groups have the characteristics of individual difference, psychological fullness and group weakness. It is pointed out that higher vocational education for the disabled is the internal demand for developing our country's education power, building a harmonious society and advocating education equity. The third part includes the third, the fourth and the fifth chapters, respectively, from the disability higher vocational education present situation, the existing problems and the development countermeasure three parts to carry on the discussion. First of all, this study analyzes the number, institutional structure, regional structure, form structure, enrollment scale and subject structure of higher vocational colleges for the disabled. It is pointed out that the traditional ideas are stubborn and the propaganda is not strong enough; the single recruitment work is chaotic and the enrollment categories are limited; the teachers' strength is weak and the degree of specialization is low; the fund input is insufficient and the special education allowance is unknown; the specialty is set up tradition and the curriculum content is single; Lack of connectivity, weak support system; weak protection of rights, the law is not sound enough and so on. It is suggested that we should strengthen the publicity of enrollment, perfect the system of single examination and recruitment, perfect the training mechanism of teachers, strengthen the construction of teaching staff, balance the distribution of regional structure, explore the diversification of school-running, adjust the professional structure and optimize the curriculum. We should enlarge the scale of running a school, perfect the management mode, pay attention to the combination of practice, flexible teaching form, perfect the legal guarantee system, and establish the long-term development mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G719.2

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