需求不确定下物流服务供应链整合运作研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 19:21

  本文关键词：需求不确定下物流服务供应链整合运作研究　出处：《北京科技大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 物流服务供应链 横向整合 纵向整合 需求不确定

【摘要】：随着电子商务的快速发展,物流服务需求逐渐呈现出反应快速化、功能集成化、组织网络化、经营市场化等特点,为有效满足顾客的不确定性需求,物流服务企业开始逐渐对闲散、重复的物流资源进行整合,通过加强不同类型企业之间的横纵向合作,逐步建立物流资源节约型和物流服务一体化的新型管理模式。本文首先根据物流服务提供商的功能特点,将物流服务提供商分为功能提供商和集成商两大类,以功能提供商和集成商组成的物流服务供应链系统为研究对象,运用资源基础理论、能力外购理论和契约理论,从物流服务能力数量的角度,深入研究物流服务供应链整体和各成员之间的整合运作机制,以促进物流服务资源的有效利用,提高物流服务提供商的运营效率。主要沿着从纵向到横向、从整体(物流服务供应链)到部分(链上成员:下游集成商和上游功能提供商)的思路展开研究,研究内容及结论如下:(1)研究了需求不确定性下采取批发价格契约和信用支付时物流服务供应链的纵向运作决策。针对由单一功能提供商、单一集成商和顾客组成的物流服务供应链系统,当物流服务能力存在缺货损失和残值盈余时,建立了批发价格契约下功能提供商和集成商的决策模型,并研究了缺货损失在物流服务供应链中的转移效应。在此基础上建立了含有信用支付期限的物流服务供应链决策模型,并设计了基于收益共享、机会主义损失共担的协调机制,有效实现了物流服务供应链的协调。(2)研究了需求依赖价格且考虑时间的物流服务供应链纵向运作决策。当集成商在销售周期内物流服务能力的零售价格可以改变时,建立了需求依赖价格且考虑时间的物流服务供应链模型,对集成商拥有单次采购机会和两次采购机会的采购模式进行了讨论,分别设计了两种采购模式下的四种决策策略。对于功能提供商来说,有补偿和批发价格折扣策略较优,且单阶段采购模式下的收益优于两阶段采购模式下的收益;对于集成商来说,无补偿和批发价格折扣下的策略较优,且两阶段采购模式下的收益优于单阶段采购模式下的收益。(3)考虑能力预留的集成商之间的横向合作决策研究。对于下游集成商,在能力共享模型的基础上,建立了需求依赖价格下考虑能力预留的横向合作模型。结果表明:集成商之间采用能力预留合作模式优于仅采用能力共享模式;在能力预留模式下,主导者集成商往往会降低在功能提供商处的物流服务能力采购数量,以较低的价格在跟随者集成商处预留一定数量的服务能力,而跟随者集成商会增加在功能提供商处的物流服务能力采购数量,以较高的价格出售给主导者集成商;能力预留合作模式还能够增加功能提供商的销售量和收益,实现物流服务供应链的整体优化。(4)区域间不同运输类型功能提供商的联合运作决策研究。对于上游功能提供商来说,以不同运输类型的功能提供商为研究背景,以一家规模较大的公路物流服务功能提供商、一家规模较小的公路物流服务功能提供商和一家铁路运输为主的物流服务功能提供商组成的系统为研究对象,引入Logit效用函数表示不确定性需求,分别建立了三者在不同合作情形下的决策模型,并对顾客盈余、社会福利和相关参数的敏感性进行了分析。结果表明:任意功能提供商之间的合作均优于独立决策;从功能提供商的角度来说,大型公路功能提供商与铁路功能提供商之间的合作为最优决策;从顾客和社会的角度来说,大型公路功能提供商和小型公路功能提供商之间的合作为最优决策。市场规模效应系数、效用系数和市场需求系数的变化并不会影响功能提供商、顾客和社会的最优决策行为,合作成员收益、顾客盈余和社会福利是规模效应的凹函数,且三者不仅随效用系数的增加而增加,还随市场需求系数的增加而增加。(5)从正式控制的角度,研究物流服务提供商整合运作的关系治理和机会主义。采用实证分析法,基于124份物流服务提供商的问卷调查数据,运用潜调节结构方程模型,研究关系治理与正式控制在治理物流服务提供商之间机会主义行为时各自及其交互作用,以及机会主义行为对整合绩效的影响。研究表明:信任、承诺、过程控制、结果控制均可以有效遏制机会主义行为的发生,而联合行动对降低机会主义行为没有显著影响,机会主义行为对整合绩效具有显著的负向影响;过程控制弱化了信任、承诺在降低机会主义行为方面的作用,结果控制则强化了信任、承诺、联合行动在降低机会主义行为方面的作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of e-commerce, logistics service demand is gradually showing a rapid reaction, the characteristics of function integration, organization network, market and so on, in order to effectively meet the uncertainty of customer demand, logistics service enterprises began to repeat the idle, logistics resources integration, by strengthening the cooperation between different types of horizontal and vertical the new management mode and gradually establish a resource-saving logistics and logistics service integration. According to the features of logistics service providers, logistics service providers will be divided into two categories, function providers and integrators, logistics service supply chain system with functions of providers and integrators as the research object, using the basic theory of resources, the ability of outsourcing theory and contract theory, from the number of logistics service capability perspective, the integration mechanism between study of logistics service supply chain and the members, in order to promote the effective use of logistics resources, improve the operation efficiency of the logistics service provider. Mainly along from vertical to horizontal, from the whole (logistics service supply chain (part) to members of the chain: the downstream and upstream function integrators providers) launches the research ideas, research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the effects of the longitudinal operation decisions under uncertainty of demand by the wholesale price contract and credit payment when the logistics service supply chain the. Logistics service supply chain system composed by a single function for single providers, integrators and customers, when the logistics service capability of stock loss and residual earnings, set up the decision-making model of function providers and integrators under the wholesale price contract, and studies the transfer effect of stock loss in the logistics service supply chain. On this basis, a decision-making model of logistics service supply chain with credit payment term is established, and a coordination mechanism based on revenue sharing and opportunistic loss sharing is designed, which effectively realizes the coordination of logistics service supply chain. (2) the longitudinal operation decision of the supply chain of logistics service is studied, which depends on the price and consider the time. When the logistics service capability in the sales cycle integrator retail price may change, the establishment of price and consider the logistics service supply chain model of time dependent demand, discusses with single integrator procurement opportunities and two procurement opportunities procurement model, respectively designed four kinds of strategy two procurement mode. The function of providers, compensation and wholesale price discount strategy is better than the single stage and purchasing mode of profit is better than two stage procurement revenue; for integrators, without compensation and the wholesale price discount strategy is better, and the purchasing mode of single stage two stage procurement mode is better than the revenue income. (3) the study of horizontal cooperation between the integrators who consider the ability to reserve. For downstream integrators, on the basis of the capacity sharing model, a horizontal cooperative model is established to consider the capacity reservation under the demand dependent price. The results show that the capacity reservation mode of cooperation between integrators is better than using only the ability of sharing mode; in the capacity reservation mode, leading integrators tend to reduce in the number of function provider logistics service capacity procurement, to lower prices in the following integrator to reserve a certain number of service ability, and increase the number of followers of the integrated chamber of commerce the function of logistics service provider capacity procurement, sold to leading integrators to higher prices; the capacity reservation cooperation mode could also increase the sales volume and profit function provider, to optimize the logistics service supply chain. (4) research on joint operation decision of functional providers of different types of transportation between regions. The function of upstream providers, with different types of transportation providers function as the research background, system function of logistics services provider to highway logistics services provider of a large scale highway logistics services providers, a smaller and a railway transport as the main component as the research object, the introduction of Logit utility function to express the Uncertainty Demand, decision models were established in three different cooperative situations, and sensitivity to the customer surplus, social welfare and related parameters are analyzed. The results show that the function of the cooperation between any providers are better than independent decision-making; from the function provider perspective, between the major function of the highway and railway function provider provider cooperation for optimal decision-making; from the customer and the point of view of society, between large and small business function provides road highway function provider cooperation for optimal decision. Changes in market size effect coefficient, utility coefficient and market demand coefficient does not affect the function of providers, customers and society the optimal decision-making behavior, cooperative member benefits, customer surplus and social welfare is a concave function of the scale effect, and the three not only with the utility coefficient increase, also increased with the increase of market demand coefficient the. (5) from the perspective of formal control, we study the relationship governance and opportunism of the integrated operation of logistics service providers. Using the empirical analysis method, questionnaire survey data of 124 logistics service providers based on the use of latent regulation of structural equation model, study on the relationship between corporate governance and opportunistic behavior between formal control in the governance of logistics service providers respectively and their interaction, and the opportunism behavior on the integration performance. Research shows that trust, commitment, process control, the control can effectively curb the occurrence of opportunistic behavior, and joint action has no significant effect on reducing the opportunism behavior, opportunism behavior of integrated performance has a significant negative impact; process control weakens the trust and commitment to reduce the opportunism behaviors, the results will strengthen control trust, commitment, joint action in
【学位授予单位】：北京科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274;F259.2
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本文编号：1347117