基于多阶段网络DEA模型的高铁运营效率国际化比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 10:42

本文关键词：基于多阶段网络DEA模型的高铁运营效率国际化比较研究　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为了满足人们对于流动性和高速度的要求,经过十多年坚持不懈的努力,中国斥巨资建成了世界上最大规模以及最高运营速度的高速铁路网,取得了“技术一流”的成绩。然而,虽然中国高铁建设取得了“世界一流”的成绩,但是否实现了“管理一流和运营效率一流”的初始目标尚未得到很好的研究和检验。本文试图通过国际比较的办法来探讨中国高铁的运营效率是否也处于世界先进行列这一基本问题。具体实现的路径是采用多阶段网络DEA模型,对四个欧洲国家和四个亚洲国家与地区(含中国)共八个高速铁路系统2008-2014年间的运营效率进行研究,并将高铁的运营过程分为三个阶段(走行过程、运输过程和经营过程)分别衡量高铁动车组运用效率(移动设备)、高铁运输效率(移动设备加固定设备)和高铁经营效率。最后利用Tobit回归模型对影响高速铁路运营效率的因素进行了探讨。研究结果表明:(1)2008-2014整个期间,法国、德国、日本、韩国和中国台湾是整体DEA有效的决策单元。(2)中国在2008-2011年间一直是最差的决策单元,但中国也是所有决策单元中进步最快的决策单元,并且从2012年开始超过了意大利和西班牙,2013年也成为了 DEA有效的决策单元。(3)从2008-2014年的平均水平上来看,欧洲地区高铁和亚洲地区高铁的运营综合效率水平不相上下,但是欧洲地区在规模效率的发展上要优于亚洲地区,而亚洲地区在纯技术效率方面要更具有优势。(4)分阶段效率评价中,韩国在第一阶段实现了 DEA有效,中国和中国台湾在第二阶段表现为DEA有效,德国则在第三阶段经营过程中表现最好。特别地对于中国来说,中国在走行过程和经营过程的效率较低,在运输过程的效率较高。(5)在动态效率评价中,2008-2014年这期间各决策单元的变动情况是:法国、德国、意大利和中国台湾的Malmquist生产率指数相对稳定,而西班牙、日本、韩国和中国在整个期间的Malmquist生产率指数有显著的变化,波动较大。(6)欧洲地区和亚洲地区相比较而言,国内生产总值、高铁路网密度、高铁客座利用率、高铁旅客运输密度对两个地区的高铁运营综合效率都有显著的影响,但是人口总数对于亚洲地区的高铁运营综合效率也会有显著的影响,并且通过研究结果也可以发现:国内生产总值主要影响的是高铁运营的规模效率,对纯技术效率的影响并不十分显著。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the demand for liquidity and high speed, after more than 10 years of unremittingly efforts, China heavily built the world's largest and the highest operating speed of high-speed railway network, has achieved "first-class technology" achievements. However, although Chinese Gao Tiejian made "world class" performance, but whether the implementation of the initial goal of first-class management and operational efficiency first "has not yet been studied and a good test. This paper attempts by international comparison approach to explore the operational efficiency of Chinese high iron is the basic problem in the advanced ranks in the world. The specific path is realized by multi stage network DEA model, in four European countries and four Asian countries and regions (including China) of a total of eight high-speed railway system during 2008-2014 operation efficiency, operation process and high iron into three Stage (walking process, transportation process and operating process) to respectively measure high-speed EMU use efficiency (mobile devices), high speed rail transport efficiency (mobile and fixed equipment) and high iron operation efficiency. Finally, using Tobit regression model to affect the operational efficiency of high-speed railway were discussed. The results show that: (1) 2008-2014 whole period, France, Germany, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan Chinese is effective. The overall decision making unit DEA (2) China is the worst decision unit in 2008-2011 years, but the rapid progress China decision unit is all the decision-making unit, and from the beginning of 2012 over Italy and Spain 2013 has become the DEA effective decision unit (3). The average level of 2008-2014 from the point of view, the high iron regions in Europe and Asia overall efficiency level of operation of high iron comparable, but in Europe in scale The efficiency of the development is better than that of Asia, and Asia in the pure technical efficiency has more advantages. (4) evaluation stage efficiency, South Korea in the first stage of implementation of DEA, Chinese and China Taiwan in the second stage was DEA, Germany in the third stage during the operation of the best performance. Especially for Chinese, Chinese efficiency in the running process and operating process of the low, high efficiency in the transportation process. (5) in the dynamic efficiency evaluation in 2008-2014 years during which changes in each decision unit is: France, Germany, Italy and Taiwan China Malmquist productivity index is relatively stable, while Spain Japan, South Korea, and China during the whole period of the Malmquist productivity index has significant changes, fluctuations. (6) in Europe and Asia in comparison, GDP, high density of railway net, high Tieke Seat utilization rate have significant influence on the comprehensive efficiency of high-speed rail operations in two regions of high-speed rail passenger transport density, but the total population for the comprehensive efficiency of high-speed rail operators in Asia will have a significant impact, and the results can be found: GDP is mainly affect the high iron operation scale influence on efficiency, pure technical efficiency is not very significant.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F224;F531

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