农业机械对劳动的替代弹性及区域异质性分析——基于地形条件约束视角

发布时间：2018-01-03 13:11

本文关键词：农业机械对劳动的替代弹性及区域异质性分析——基于地形条件约束视角　出处：《中南财经政法大学学报》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：非农部门的快速发展促进了农业生产中机械对劳动力的持续替代,然而这种机械化在中国区域的发展中并不平衡。本文使用修正的要素替代弹性公式,首先测度了中国粮食生产中机械—劳动替代弹性,然后实证分析了地形条件约束下的要素替代难度对粮食机械—劳动替代弹性的影响。结论表明,中国粮食生产中机械—劳动替代弹性呈现出较强的区域异质性,并表现出与耕地坡度紧密相关的关系。计量经济模型的估计结果显示,在控制了亩劳均机械水平存量之后,耕地中坡耕地比例对机械—劳动替代弹性产生显著负向影响。机械—劳动替代弹性受到地形地貌约束下的要素替代难度的限制,这成为中国机械化进程呈现地区异质性的重要原因。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the non-agricultural sector has promoted the continuous substitution of machinery to labor force in agricultural production, however, this mechanization is not balanced in the development of China's region. This paper uses the revised elements to replace the elastic formula. This paper first measures the mechanical-labor substitution elasticity in China's grain production, and then empirically analyzes the influence of the difficulty of the element substitution under the terrain condition on the grain machine-labor substitution elasticity. The conclusion shows that. The elasticity of mechanical-labor substitution in grain production in China shows strong regional heterogeneity and is closely related to the slope of cultivated land. The estimation results of econometric model show that there is a strong regional heterogeneity of mechanical-labor substitution elasticity in grain production in China. After controlling the average mechanical stock of mu. The proportion of sloping cultivated land in cultivated land has a significant negative impact on mechanical-labor substitution elasticity, which is limited by the difficulty of element substitution under the constraints of topography and geomorphology. This becomes the important reason that Chinese mechanization process presents regional heterogeneity.
【作者单位】：福建农林大学经济学院;南京农业大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目“劳动力成本上升背景下的粮食要素结构调整行为与约束机制研究——基于结构调整难易度和农户禀赋异质性的视角”(71603053);国家自然科学基金资助项目“人口变化和劳动成本上升背景下的农户适应性调整与中国粮食生产竞争力研究”(71573133);国家自然科学基金资助项目“农户异质性视角下耕地质量保护的信息干预机制与政策优化研究”(71773053)
【分类号】：F224;F323.3
【正文快照】： 一、引言伴随着中国工业化和城市化的快速发展,中国非农部门进入高速增长时期。农村剩余劳动力向非农部门持续转移,导致农村劳动力短缺与农业劳动力成本快速攀升,这已经并将持续对中国长期形成的小农户生产模式带来挑战[1]。在此过程中,相对于土地和机械等要素,农村劳动力的稀

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