基于环境规制、空间经济学视角的中国区域环境效率研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 17:07

  本文关键词：基于环境规制、空间经济学视角的中国区域环境效率研究　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 环境效率 环境规制 空间计量 非期望SBM模型 不可分离变量

【摘要】：环境效率评价是目前世界经济领域研究中的热点问题,也形成了以DEA方法为代表的一套典型的研究理论和方法。然而,经济生产系统中能源投入要素与环境污染物产出之间的不可分离特性,以及环境规制政策难以定量化分析等问题,都对环境效率评价相关研究领域提出了新的要求。本文基于非期望产出与能源要素投入间的不可分离特性、环境规制目标的定量化处理、省际“经济—能源—环境”系统生产前沿面的选择以及省际环境效率空间关联性,拓展和改进现有的环境效率评价模型,重新审视和分析我国区域环境效率的动态变化、区域差异和空间关联情况,并从实证的角度剖析我国整体和区域环境效率变化的主要影响因素,从而实现对我国区域环境效率展开多视角、深层次的系统研究。研究主要围绕以下几方面展开:首先,深入剖析省际“经济—能源—环境”系统中能源消费与其非期望产出CO2、SO2排放量之间的不可分离特性,并将这一特性引入到省际环境效率评价的模型中,将传统的非期望SBM模型拓展为不可分离非期望SBM模型,指出传统评价模型对省际环境效率的高估,进而准确的把握我国省际环境效率的动态演化过程。其次,基于改进的不可分离非期望SBM模型,提出环境规制总量目标和环境规制区域目标两种环境规制政策,并将环境规制区域目标进一步细分为等比例分配、松弛比例分配和经济比例分配三种模式,从而实现环境规制政策的定量化测算,然后将环境规制目标引入环境效率模型将其拓展为基于环境规制的不可分离非期望SBM模型,测算了四种环境规制目标影响我国整体和区域环境效率的阀值和灵敏性。再次,借鉴四阶段DEA方法的建模思想,将不可分离非期望SBM模型拓展为四阶段不可分离非期望SBM模型,在剔除生产环境差异的基础上分析省际“经济—能源—环境”系统的生产管理效率,指出区域环境无效率的主要来源,进一步指出各省份环境效率的提升策略。最后,总结区域环境效率变化的诸多影响因素,结合空间计量模型,对我国省际环境效率及其影响因素的样本数据进行统计检验分析,从实证的视角剖析我国省际环境效率变化的主要影响因素及其影响程度和方向。本研究得出的主要结论是:其一,我国历年的环境效率围绕0.6000呈波动趋势,具有40%左右的提升空间;东部区域的历年环境效率值在0.7500以上,明显高于中部和西部地区;北京市、天津市、上海市、广东省、海南省和青海省位于环境效率前沿;我国整体和区域动态环境效率提升的重要来源是技术进步。其二,四种环境规制方式影响我国整体环境效率的SO2减排比例阀值分别为20.48%、19.09%和20.06%;环境规制区域目标的政策效果优于环境规制总量目标;从效率视角来看,按松弛比例分配方式能最快地实现我国整体和区域环境效率的优化,是环境规制目标设定方式的最优选择。其三,北京市、天津市、江苏省、海南省和青海省等省、市应致力于提升其生产管理能力;辽宁省、福建省、安徽省和宁夏自治区等4个省份环境效率的提升策略是在推进其生产管理技术的提升和生产环境的改善的同时,重点关注其生产管理技术的提升,而山东省和内蒙古自治区则刚好相反;其余省份环境效率的提升策略则是同时推进其生产管理技术的提升和生产环境的改善。其四,样本期间内,开放化程度、市场化程度、城市化率和研发投入都显著地推动我国省际环境效率的提升,产业结构和能源消费结构指标均对我国省际环境效率产生负方向的影响,劳动力素质、基础建设和人均GDP对我国省际环境效率的影响不显著;三大区域中,东部区域的城市化率对其环境效率的影响不显著,中部区域的开放化程度、市场化程度、研发投入和能源消费结构等指标对其环境效率的影响都不显著,其余因素的影响方向与其对我国整体环境效率的影响方向一致。
[Abstract]:Environmental efficiency evaluation is a hot issue in the field of world economy at present, also formed the DEA method as the representative of a typical set of theories and methods. However, the economic system in the production of energy input can not be separated from the characteristics between output factors and environmental pollutants, and the environmental regulation policy is difficult to quantitative analysis, all the environmental efficiency evaluation research field. This paper puts forward new requirements for non expected output and energy inputs can not be separated between the characteristics based on the quantification of environmental regulation target, "provincial economy - energy - environment" system of production frontier and provincial environmental efficiency of spatial relationship, expanding and improving the environmental efficiency evaluation the existing models, the dynamic changes of review and analysis of regional environmental efficiency in China, regional difference and spatial association, and analysis from an empirical perspective The main factors affecting China's overall efficiency and regional environmental change, so as to realize the expansion of multi perspective on regional environmental efficiency in our country, the system of deep research. The research mainly focused on the following aspects: first, in-depth analysis of the "provincial economy - energy - environment" system in energy consumption and undesirable output CO2, can not be separated the characteristics between SO2 emissions, and the characteristics of inter provincial environmental efficiency evaluation is introduced to the model, non expected to expand the traditional SBM model can not be separated from the non expected SBM model, pointed out that the traditional evaluation model of environment overestimate the efficiency of provinces, and accurately grasp the dynamic evolution efficiency of China's provincial environment secondly, can not be separated from the non expected based on improved SBM model, put forward the total target of environmental regulation and environmental regulation target two kinds of environmental regulation, and environmental regulation into a target area Divided proportional allocation proportion and the proportion of economic slack in three modes, so as to realize the quantitative measurement of environmental policies, and environmental regulation targets by the efficiency of the model will be extended to the environment can not be separated from the non expected environmental regulation based on SBM model, calculating the effect of China's overall and regional environmental efficiency the threshold and sensitivity of four kinds of environmental regulation. Thirdly, modeling four stages from the DEA method, the SBM model can not be separated from the non expected expansion of four stage can not be separated from the non expected SBM model, analysis of provincial "economy - energy - environment" system of production management efficiency based on eliminating production environment difference. Pointed out that the regional environment mainly sources of inefficiency, further pointed out the strategy to enhance the provinces environmental efficiency. Finally, summarize the influencing factors of regional environment change efficiency, combined with the space plan The amount of model, make statistical analysis of the sample data of China's provincial environmental efficiency and influence, mainly analyzes our country influence the efficiency of provincial environmental changes from an empirical perspective and influencing factors of the degree and direction. The main conclusions of this study are: first, the environmental efficiency in China over the years around 0.6000 showed fluctuating trends. Has raised about 40% space; the eastern region over the environmental efficiency above 0.7500, significantly higher than the central and western regions; Beijing City, Tianjin City, Shanghai City, Guangdong Province, Hainan province and Qinghai province is located in the forefront of environmental efficiency; an important source of China's overall and regional dynamic environment to enhance the efficiency of technological progress is the second. Four, environmental regulation affects the overall efficiency of China's environmental SO2 emission reduction ratio threshold were 20.48%, 19.09% and 20.06%; the goal of regional environmental regulation policy is better than that of environmental regulation The total target; from efficiency perspective, the way of distribution according to the proportion of relaxation can be the fastest way to achieve the optimization of China's overall and regional environmental efficiency, environmental regulation is the optimal choice of goal setting. Third, Beijing City, Tianjin City, Jiangsu Province, Hainan province and Qinghai Province, the city should be committed to enhance its production management ability; Liaoning Province, Fujian Province, 4 provinces environmental strategy to enhance the efficiency of Anhui province and the Ningxia autonomous region is advancing its production management technology to enhance and improve the production environment at the same time, focus on the production management technology promotion, Shandong province and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is just the opposite of the other provinces; promotion strategy environmental efficiency is also advancing its production management technology upgrading and improve the production environment. Fourth, during the sample period, the degree of openness, the degree of market, the rate of city and R & D investment significantly promoted The efficiency of China's provincial environmental improvement, industrial structure and energy consumption indicators are negative on the efficiency of China's provincial environmental impact the quality of labor, infrastructure and per capita GDP efficiency of China's provincial environment is not significant; the three regions in the eastern region of the city rate effect on the environmental efficiency is not significant, the degree of openness of the central region, the degree of marketization, influence of R & D investment and consumption structure of energy efficiency indicators for the environment are not significant, other factors influence the direction and its influence on the efficiency of China's overall environment in the same direction.

【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X196;F069.9;F224
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本文编号：1406072