失业根源的颠倒:新自由主义的政治经济学批判——《资本论》失业理论的当代价值

发布时间：2018-02-26 20:35

本文关键词： 《资本论》新自由主义五大发展理念劳动者转型　出处：《宁夏社会科学》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：新自由主义认为,劳动力工资水平降低,将导致企业对劳动者的需求量增加,以此来减少失业。因此主张政府要放开对最低工资的限制,弱化政府对劳动者利益的保护,让市场自发调节就业。然而,压低劳动者工资将导致整个社会的消费能力和消费水平降低,整个社会购买力严重不足。社会购买力不足将进一步导致产品过剩,继而促使生产过剩与投资萎缩,投资萎缩又将导致劳动力过剩,进而使劳动者失业的数量变得越来越多,质量越来越差。新自由主义解决失业问题的所谓"良方"——压低劳动者工资将不可避免地导致大量工人失业成为一种逻辑必然。而马克思《资本论》认为,资本所有者通过雇佣劳动力数量最小化,并且通过人为地造成大量工人处于失业状态,来实现总剩余价值最大化。破解失业之正道是将劳动者创造的剩余价值返还给劳动者,引领劳动者转型发展。
[Abstract]:Neoliberalism believes that lower labor wages will lead to an increase in the demand for workers by enterprises, thereby reducing unemployment. Therefore, they advocate that the government should liberalize restrictions on the minimum wage and weaken the government's protection of workers' interests. Let the market spontaneously regulate employment. However, lowering the wages of workers will lead to a decrease in the consumption capacity and consumption level of the whole society, and a serious shortfall in the purchasing power of the whole society, which will further lead to a surplus of products. This will in turn lead to overproduction and shrinking investment, which in turn will lead to an oversupply of labour, thereby increasing the number of workers who are unemployed. The quality is getting worse and worse. The so-called "good recipe" for neoliberalism to solve the problem of unemployment is that lowering the wages of workers will inevitably lead to the unemployment of a large number of workers as a logical necessity. The capital owner maximizes the total surplus value by minimizing the number of employed workers and artificially causing a large number of workers to be unemployed. The correct way to solve the unemployment problem is to return the surplus value created by the workers to the workers. Leading the transformation and development of workers.
【作者单位】：上海第二工业大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“《资本论》哲学思想及当代价值研究”(项目编号:12AZD066) 上海学校德育实践研究课题(2017-D-105)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：F091.91;F241.4

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