中国快递市场监管制度的经济学研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 12:48

本文选题：快递市场　切入点：监管制度　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪60年代末快递行业在美国诞生以来,就以惊人的速度迅速发展起来,一度成为世界上增长速度最快的行业之一。改革开放后,我国也出现了快递行业,在市场经济的发展和政府的扶持下,快递业迅速崛起。尤其是近年来,人民生活水平日益提高,日益追求便利化、多样性的购物方式,随着淘宝网、京东商城、聚美优品、唯品会等电子商务的发展以及网上银行、支付宝、微信支付等快捷支付方式的出现,快递服务需求大幅度增加,快递市场随之蓬勃发展。作为现代服务业的重要组成部分,快递行业在推动流通方式转型、促进消费升级方面也发挥了重要的作用。但由于缺乏强制性的规范措施、市场准入门槛又比较低,快递行业出现了诸多问题,引发了社会各界的广泛关注。据此,为了更好地规范快递市场的发展秩序、保护消费者的合法权益,政府相关部门也颁布了一系列法律法规,用以规范这个迅速发展的行业。自2009年修正的《中华人民共和国邮政法》颁布实施以来,首次从法律高度上明确对快递行业进行定位,加之后续出台的各项法律文件,共同奠定了快递市场的法律基础,为快递市场的管理提供了法律依据。但是,由于快递企业的体制限制、员工素质较低,相关部门的管理不规范、监管难度大,消费者的维权意识较低等原因,我国快递市场的相关法律法规自实施以来并未达到预期效果,快递企业违规操作、快递业务投诉、侵犯消费者权益等问题依然层出不穷。据此,本文从法经济学视角运用成本—收益分析方法和供求分析方法,分析当前我国快递市场监管制度的实施效率,探讨当前我国快递市场监管制度中存在的问题,以期建立更有效率的快递市场监管制度,最大限度的释放其潜在利益。本文采用提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的逻辑思路,运用经济学中成本—收益分析方法和供求分析方法,对我国快递市场监管制度进行经济学分析。通过探讨我国快递业的发展历程,分析我国快递市场监管制度中存在的问题,为后续相关措施的研究奠定基础。另外,由于国外快递市场发展相对成熟,关于快递市场的管理也更为系统和完善,本文在我国快递市场发展的实际状况的基础上,分析了德国、美国以及日本快递行业的发展经验和快递市场的管理经验,并探讨其对我国快递市场监管的借鉴意义。结合对我国快递市场监管制度的经济学分析,最后本文有针对性的提出完善快递市场监管制度的建议,以期促进我国快递市场的健康、有序发展。
[Abstract]:Since the birth of express delivery industry in the United States at the end of 1960s, it has developed rapidly at an astonishing speed, and has once become one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. After the reform and opening up, express delivery industry has also emerged in China. With the development of the market economy and the support of the government, the express delivery industry has risen rapidly. Especially in recent years, the people's living standards have been improving day by day, and they have increasingly sought to facilitate and diversify their shopping methods. Along with Taobao, JingDong Mall, Jumei, With the development of e-commerce such as VIPSHOP and the emergence of fast payment methods such as online banking, Alipay, WeChat Pay, and so on, the demand for express delivery services has increased substantially, and the express delivery market has flourished. As an important part of the modern service industry, The express delivery industry has also played an important role in promoting the transformation of circulation mode and promoting consumption upgrading. However, due to the lack of mandatory normative measures and relatively low barriers to market access, there have been many problems in the express delivery industry. In order to better standardize the development order of the express delivery market and protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, the relevant government departments have also promulgated a series of laws and regulations. For the first time since the promulgation and implementation of the Postal Law of the people's Republic of China amended in 2009, the express delivery industry has been clearly positioned from a legal height, in addition to the various legal documents issued subsequently. Together, the legal foundation of express delivery market has been established, which provides legal basis for the management of express delivery market. However, due to the system restrictions of express delivery enterprises, the quality of staff is relatively low, the management of relevant departments is not standardized, and the supervision is very difficult. Due to the low awareness of consumer rights protection, the relevant laws and regulations in China's express delivery market have not achieved the expected results since the implementation of these laws and regulations. Problems such as illegal operation of express delivery enterprises, complaints of express delivery business, infringement of consumers' rights and interests are still emerging in endlessly. From the perspective of law and economics, this paper analyzes the efficiency of the supervision system of express delivery market in our country by using the cost-benefit analysis method and the method of supply and demand analysis, and probes into the problems existing in the supervision system of express delivery market in our country at present. In order to establish a more efficient express market supervision system to maximize the release of its potential benefits. By using the cost-benefit analysis method and the supply-demand analysis method in economics, this paper makes an economic analysis on the supervision system of express delivery market in China. By discussing the development course of express delivery industry in China, the problems existing in the supervision system of express delivery market in our country are analyzed. In addition, as the foreign express market is relatively mature and the management of express market is more systematic and perfect, this article is based on the actual situation of the development of express market in our country. This paper analyzes the development experience of express delivery industry in Germany, the United States and Japan and the management experience of express delivery market, and probes into its reference significance to the supervision of express market in our country. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the supervision system of express market in order to promote the healthy and orderly development of express market in China.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F259.2

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