受教育水平、劳动力市场分割对收入影响的变化趋势研究（2004-2012）

发布时间：2018-03-28 06:29

本文选题：收入　切入点：受教育水平　出处：《兰州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：收入分配问题一直中国改革过程中的重点研究问题,个体主义视角的受教育水平变量和结构主义视角的劳动力市场分割变量是学者经常用来研究收入分配问题的主要变量。笔者认为目前该领域尚有以下问题有待澄清:在受教育水平影响收入变化的研究中,高校扩招已经成为重要的时间分割点,但目前缺乏研究且结论不一;在劳动力市场分割对收入影响的研究中,20世纪90年代中后期至本世纪初的国有企业改革是一个重要的事件,但目前对其影响的研究不足;在劳动力市场分割中,个人因素层面的受教育水平与结构层面的教育因素对收入分配的影响是否存在区别以及区别何在,是一个需要澄清的问题。本研究基于2005-2013年中国社会综合调查的时间序列数据,采用明瑟工资方程及其扩展模型并利用最小二乘法(OLS)估计回归系数,围绕着以上三个问题,对2004-2012年间中国教育回报率的变化趋势和劳动力市场分割对收入影响的变化趋势进行了研究。研究发现:(1)中国的教育回报率在教育扩招之后并没有延续之前的上涨趋势,而是在2004-2012年间趋于稳定。(2)劳动力市场分割影响教育回报率,教育回报率因户籍、部门、行业差异而不同,具体为城市劳动力的教育回报率高于农村的,非国有或集体部门的教育回报率高于国有集体部门的,垄断行业的教育回报率高于非垄断行业的;教育回报率的城乡、部门差异都在逐渐缩小,行业间教育回报率没有明显的变化趋势。(3)劳动力市场分割影响个体收入,个体年总收入存在城乡、部门、行业差异,具体为城市籍劳动力的收入高于农村籍的,非国有或集体部门劳动力的收入高于国有或集体部门的,垄断行业劳动力的收入高于非垄断行业的。(4)劳动力个体收入的城乡、部门、行业相对差距在逐渐缩小。(5)受教育水平比劳动力市场分割对收入的影响更大。
[Abstract]:The issue of income distribution has always been the focus of research in the process of China's reform. The educational level variable from the individualism perspective and the labour market segmentation variable from the structuralism perspective are the main variables used by scholars to study the income distribution problem. The author thinks that there are still some problems to be clarified in this field. Qing: in the study of the influence of education level on income change, The expansion of enrollment in colleges and universities has become an important time division point, but at present there are few studies and different conclusions. In the study of the effect of labor market segmentation on income, it is an important event to reform state-owned enterprises from the middle of 1990s to the beginning of this century. However, the current research on its impact is insufficient; in the labor market segmentation, whether there are differences between the level of education at the individual factor level and the education factor at the structural level on the income distribution and what is the difference? Based on the time series data of China Social Comprehensive Survey 2005-2013, this study uses the Minther wage equation and its extended model and uses the least square method to estimate the regression coefficient, which revolves around the above three problems. This paper studies the trend of educational return in China from 2004 to 2012 and the effect of labor market segmentation on income. The study found that the return on education in China did not continue the upward trend after enrollment expansion. But in 2004-2012, labor market segmentation affects the rate of return on education, which varies according to household registration, sector, and industry, specifically that the return on education of urban labor is higher than that of rural labor. The return on education in non-state-owned or collective sectors is higher than that in state-owned collective sectors, in monopolistic industries is higher than in non-monopoly industries, and in urban and rural areas where the rate of return on education is decreasing, the sectoral differences are gradually narrowing. The labor market segmentation affects the individual income, the individual annual income exists the difference between urban and rural areas, departments and industries, in particular, the income of urban labor force is higher than that of rural nationality. If the income of the labor force in the non-state-owned or collective sector is higher than that in the state-owned or collective sector, the income of the labour force in the monopoly industry is higher than that in the non-monopoly sector. The relative gap in the industry is narrowing.) the education level has a greater impact on income than the labor market segmentation.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F249.2;C913.4

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