公共政策实施视角下房地产市场宏观调控效果研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 23:28

本文选题：宏观调控　切入点：房地产　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着中国经济的高速发展,房地产市场作为国民经济的重要一环持续处于高热状态,人民群众对于房地产行业的关注度迅速上升,具体表现在房地产项目销售迅猛增长,各地房价地价出现爆发式上涨。房地产市场的发展一方面拉动了内需,支撑了国民经济的快速发展;但另一方面也带来了房价过高、信贷杠杆水平高、金融泡沫可能性增强等不利局面。在此情况下中国政府数年来因地制宜,根据当时的房地产市场具体情形出台了如:金融政策、税收政策、土地政策、保障房政策等一系列宏观调控政策对市场进行宏观调控。中国政府采取中央政府制定宏观调控目标,地方政府具体执行,并承担问责的调控模式。但是近20年房地产市场的宏观调控发现,部分调控措施取得不错的效果,部分却并没有达到预期目标,这样的结果显示我国的宏观调控措施仍不完善,还有进一步研究提升探索的空间。本文从公共政策的角度出发,以中国房地产市场中历年宏观调控政策为研究对象,将中国房产调控政策从历史上五个阶段进行了梳理研究,并分别对宏观调控政策的实施情况、实施效果进行了多方面的比较。在此基础上通过分析研判,总结出中国房地产市场调控是呈"宽严相间,阶段变换"的发展趋势,同时对各阶段的具体政策研究发现,房地产市场中宽松的调控政策基本可以实现政策目标,住房价格会在调控措施的引导下呈现上涨趋势;但是严厉紧缩的调控政策却并没有很好地完成政策目标,即使在紧缩政策的引导下,住房价格仍然逆政策上扬。在总结历年房地产调控经验的基础上,本文通过对房地产市场的政策制定、政策执行、政策所处外部环境等进行深入探讨,探索了其对调控政策实施效果的影响,得出房地产市场调控政策可能存在的问题。在政策制定方面,探究了制定政策的主体过多,调控内容过于片面,调控范围较为单一,调控手段较少,调控程序并不完备等影响因素;在政策执行方面,探究了中央政府和地方政府在宏观政策调控中的权责关系,及地方政府之间的竞争关系,发现政策执行出现偏差是由于双方进行利益博弈的结果。在政策环境方面,全面分析了市场中存在的经济发展压力、社会舆论压力、历史文化压力等等,并探究了各种外部环境因素对调控政策产生的影响。最后,根据上文提出的问题,本文提出了对房地产市场宏观调控进行优化的建议,希望通过提出的改进措施,给下一轮房地产调控提供部分参考思路。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, the real estate market, as an important part of the national economy, continues to be in a state of high heat, and the people's attention to the real estate industry is rising rapidly.Specific performance in the rapid growth of real estate project sales, prices and land prices around the explosive rise.On the one hand, the development of the real estate market has stimulated domestic demand and supported the rapid development of the national economy; on the other hand, it has also brought about an unfavorable situation, such as high house prices, high level of credit leverage, and strengthening the possibility of financial bubble.Under these circumstances, the Chinese government has adopted a series of macro-control policies, such as financial policy, tax policy, land policy, indemnificatory apartment policy and so on, to control the market according to the specific conditions of the real estate market at that time.The Chinese government adopts a central government-set macro-control target, local governments to implement, and assume accountability for regulation and control model.However, in the past 20 years, the macro-control of the real estate market has found that some of the control measures have achieved good results, while some of them have not achieved the expected goal. This result shows that the macro-control measures in our country are still not perfect.There is also room for further research and exploration.From the perspective of public policy, this paper studies the macro-control policies in China's real estate market from five stages in history, and analyzes the implementation of macro-control policies in China's real estate market.The effect of implementation is compared in many aspects.On the basis of the analysis and judgment, it is concluded that the regulation and control of China's real estate market is the trend of "wide and strict, phase transformation", and at the same time, the research on the specific policies of each stage reveals that,Loose regulation and control policies in the real estate market can basically achieve the policy objectives, and housing prices will show an upward trend under the guidance of regulatory measures. However, the strict tightening of control policies has not fulfilled the policy objectives very well.Even under the guidance of austerity policies, housing prices still reverse the policy rise.On the basis of summarizing the experience of real estate regulation and control over the years, this paper probes into the influence of the policy making, policy implementation and the external environment of the real estate market on the effect of the implementation of the regulation and control policy.Draw the real estate market regulation policy may exist problems.In the aspect of policy making, this paper probes into the influence factors such as too many subjects of policy making, too one-sided content of regulation and control, single scope of regulation and control, less means of regulation and control, incomplete control procedures, etc. In the aspect of policy implementation,This paper probes into the relationship between the power and responsibility of the central government and the local government in the macro-policy regulation and control, as well as the competitive relationship between the local government and the central government, and finds that the deviation of the policy implementation is the result of the benefit game between the two sides.In terms of policy environment, this paper comprehensively analyzes the economic development pressure, social public opinion pressure, historical and cultural pressure and so on in the market, and probes into the influence of various external environmental factors on the regulation and control policies.Finally, according to the above questions, this paper puts forward some suggestions to optimize the macro-control of the real estate market, hoping to provide some reference ideas for the next round of real estate regulation and control through the proposed improvement measures.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.23

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