人力资本质量对区域经济增长收敛性的影响

发布时间：2018-04-09 09:15

本文选题：经济收敛　切入点：人力资本质量　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国经历了改革开放以来的快速发展时期,目前经济增长率有所下降。以物质资本为导向的经济增长方式随着知识经济的到来,逐渐被人力资本所取代。这种变化将从多方面推动我国经济向前发展,研究人力资本与我国经济增长的关系,对制定下一阶段经济发展政策有着重要的作用。在对人力资本与经济增长关系进行研究之前,我们首先对人力资本有清晰的定义。通过对国内外文献进行整理,发现关于人力资本有许多划分,包括教育人力资本、健康人力资本。也有学者认为生产和研发会对人力资本存量产生影响。但其实人力资本与经济增长有相同的属性,它们不只有数量的概念也包含质的性质,然而在以往文献中通常只考虑数量的扩张,而忽视了质量的提升,或者即使出现了质量的概念但很少对存量和质量的概念进行界定。本文将人力资本细分为人力资本存量和人力资本质量两个方面,重点分析人力资本质量的发展状况和作用。在此基础上构建了一个人力资本质量指标体系,运用SPSS软件对该指标体系进行因子分析。在对人力资本质量指标进行分析的过程中,本文发现在经济发展水平高的地区其人力资本投资也比较大,相应的人力资本质量指数比较高;而在相对落后地区,由于没有强大的经济水平作为支撑,这些地区对人力资本的投资相对较少,从而导致人力资本质量水平较低。将东中西部地区分别做趋势图我们发现,人力资本质量存在高-高,低-低的分布特征,这说明各地区人力资本的发展可能会受到相邻省区的影响。在此基础上,将因子分析得出的综合指标带入实证模型,分析其与地区经济增长之间的关系。在对各地区经济状况进行分析时考虑到地区之间的相互联系,在面板模型的基础上加入空间效应。运用固定效应模型,通过Matlab软件对2001-2015年间的省际数据进行分析。通过分析我国各省市的经济增长状况,本文认为我国省域间经济应该存在收敛现象,运用普通面板和空间面板模型,检验了省域间经济增长的收敛性。对两种模型的可行性进行对比分析,我们最终选择将空间面板模型作为我们的实证模型。模型结果显示我国省域经济存在条件收敛现象,且收敛速度为2.4%左右,这与国外文献中所说的2%的收敛水平相接近。同时发现人力资本质量对经济增长的系数显著为正,说明人力资本质量对经济增长有很强的促进作用。因此,我们认为要解决现阶段我国经济发展不均衡的状况,物质资本的投资虽然必不可少,但考虑到人力资本质量对经济增长的影响程度,大力进行人力资本投资,促进人力资源向人力资本存量的转化以及人力资本存量向质量的转化,对缓解我国经济不平衡有着重要的作用。
[Abstract]:China has experienced a period of rapid development since the reform and opening up, the current rate of economic growth has declined.With the arrival of knowledge economy, material capital-oriented economic growth mode is gradually replaced by human capital.This kind of change will promote the development of our country's economy from many aspects. The study of the relationship between human capital and our country's economic growth will play an important role in formulating the economic development policy in the next stage.Before studying the relationship between human capital and economic growth, we have a clear definition of human capital.By sorting out the literature at home and abroad, it is found that there are many divisions about human capital, including educational human capital and healthy human capital.Some scholars believe that production and research and development will have an impact on the stock of human capital.But in fact, human capital and economic growth have the same attributes, they not only the concept of quantity but also the nature of quality, but in the past literature usually only consider the expansion of quantity, but ignore the improvement of quality.Or, even when the concept of quality appears, the concept of stock and quality is rarely defined.This paper divides human capital into two aspects: human capital stock and human capital quality, and analyzes the development and function of human capital quality.On this basis, a human capital quality index system is constructed, and the factor analysis of the index system is carried out by using SPSS software.In the process of analyzing the quality index of human capital, this paper finds that the investment of human capital in areas with high level of economic development is also relatively large, and the corresponding human capital quality index is relatively high, while in relatively backward areas,Without strong economic level as the support, these regions invest relatively little in human capital, which leads to the lower level of human capital quality.We find that the quality of human capital has the characteristics of high-high and low-low distribution, which indicates that the development of human capital in each region may be affected by the neighboring provinces and regions.On the basis of this, the comprehensive index obtained by factor analysis is introduced into the empirical model to analyze the relationship between it and regional economic growth.In the analysis of the regional economic situation, the spatial effect is added to the panel model, taking into account the interrelation between the regions.Using fixed effect model, the interprovincial data from 2001 to 2015 were analyzed by Matlab software.Based on the analysis of the economic growth of provinces and cities in China, this paper holds that there should be convergence in China's inter-provincial economy. The convergence of inter-provincial economic growth is tested by using the common panel and spatial panel models.Comparing the feasibility of the two models, we finally choose the spatial panel model as our empirical model.The model results show that there exists a conditional convergence phenomenon in the provincial economy of China, and the convergence rate is about 2.4%, which is close to the level of convergence of 2% mentioned in the foreign literature.At the same time, it is found that the coefficient of human capital quality to economic growth is significantly positive, indicating that human capital quality has a strong promoting effect on economic growth.Therefore, we believe that in order to solve the unbalanced economic development in our country at the present stage, although the investment of material capital is essential, considering the degree of influence of the quality of human capital on economic growth, we should vigorously carry out human capital investment.Promoting the transformation from human resources to human capital stock and from human capital stock to quality plays an important role in alleviating the economic imbalance in China.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F249.27;F127

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