城镇集聚、户籍制度与教育机会

发布时间：2018-04-12 09:48

本文选题：城镇集聚 + 户籍制度　；参考：《金融研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：城镇集聚和户籍制度共同决定了教育机会的多寡和群体分配特征。中国式城镇集聚在一定程度上提高了流动人口的收入水平,但限制了他们随迁子女受教育的机会,而这种影响程度尚未得到充分评估。本文使用国家卫计委2012年的全国流动人口动态监测数据、1964~2010年五次人口普查数据和地级市的宏观匹配数据,在户籍制度的背景下分析城镇集聚如何影响流动劳动者子女的受教育机会。总体而言,城镇集聚对流动劳动者子女入学概率造成的负面影响在1.25%~1.84%之间,进入公立学校的概率则受到6.63%~20.99%的负面影响。即便如此,随迁多子女家庭中子女受教育的机会较均等,并不存在数量和质量间的替代关系。流动劳动者所具有的非正式制度条件难以弱化其所面临的正式制度约束,城市发展战略的定位和城市内优质资源的向下歧视都放大了这种负面影响,但流动劳动者间潜在的同群效应会在一定程度上提升子女入学的概率。低技能流动劳动者与高技能劳动者通过人力资本的互补性推动了城市发展,包容式的城市发则需要尊重流动劳动者子女的受教育权利,从而在收入和教育两个层面上促进人的城镇化,进而跨越中等收入陷阱。
[Abstract]:Urban agglomeration and household registration system jointly determine the number of educational opportunities and the characteristics of group distribution.The concentration of Chinese cities and towns improves the income level of the floating population to a certain extent, but limits the opportunities for their children to receive education with them, which has not been fully evaluated.This paper uses the data of the National Monitoring of floating population Dynamics of the State Health and Family Planning Commission in 2012 (1964-2010 five censuses) and the macro-matching data of prefecture-level cities.Under the background of household registration system, this paper analyzes how urban agglomeration affects the educational opportunities of migrant workers' children.As a whole, the negative effect of urban agglomeration on the probability of migrant workers' children entering school is between 1.25% and 1.84%, while the probability of entering public schools is negatively affected by 6.63% or 20.99%.Even so, there is no substitute relationship between quantity and quality in families with more children.The informal institutional conditions of migrant workers are difficult to weaken the formal institutional constraints they face. The positioning of urban development strategies and the downward discrimination of quality resources in cities magnify this negative impact.But the potential homogeneity effect among migrant workers will improve the probability of children entering school to some extent.Urban development is driven by the complementarity of human capital between low-skilled migrant workers and highly skilled workers, and inclusive urban development requires respect for the right to education of the children of migrant workers.In order to promote the urbanization of people at the income and education levels, and then cross the middle-income trap.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学财税学院;中南财经政法大学公管学院;
【基金】：国家自科基金项目(71540031) 教育部青年基金(16YJC790148) 博士后科学基金(2016M590069)的资助
【分类号】：F299.2;G521;D631.42

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