合同能源管理在公共机构节能中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 12:10

本文选题：合同能源管理 + 公共机构　；参考：《东华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,行政管理的模式正在逐步将管理与服务有效地区分,从自行实施转变为政府购买服务,从而更加有效地实施监督,管办分离,凸显行政部门的监管作用,真正贯彻中央关于“协同推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务”的要求,充分利用社会资源、企业资源,实施“小政府、大社会”的管理模式。对于公共机构节能的推行,传统的执行途径是通过每年的财政预算立项,以拨付的财政经费对大能耗的设施设备进行节能技改,在更新、更换的过程中,资金占用多、财政压力大,且大型设施设备(如空调、电梯等)的更新年限一般在10-15年左右。在经济全球化背景下,政府行政成本问题日益突出,财政预算不增反减,物料和人工成本却不断地增加,如何“节流”成为了行政管理在推行公共机构节能过程中的瓶颈。目前政府正在探索用新的方式方法开展能源管理和节能改造,即通过合同能源管理的市场化运作方式,引导社会资本参与节能技改项目,推动节能产业发展。在合同能源管理的过程中,通过对权力和义务进行分解,节能效益分享,并最终体现于对能源资源的节约。本文简要介绍了合同能源管理在我国的发展情况、常见的合同能源管理运作模式,重点就合同能源管理在公共机构节能中的运用现状、重点领域、实施优势等进行分析。以机关行政办公楼、司法行政办公楼、医院及学校四种有代表性的公共机构为例,就上海市级机关集中办公点市政大厦的“空调冷热源系统、照明系统合同能源管理项目”、上海市第二中级人民法院“合同能源管理综合项目”、仁济医院西院“能源费用托管型合同能源管理项目”和上海市崇明中学“分布式光伏发电合同能源管理项目”四个项目的施工情况和项目执行后的节能效果进行例证。分析了在项目实施过程中所存在的能源诊断合理性、融资渠道单一性和用能特点制约性的问题及产生原因。要缓解上述问题,需要在公共机构节能引入合同能源管理的过程中更好地发挥政府的引导作用和市场的主导作用,本文就对如何更好地推动合同能源管理在公共机构节能中的应用进行了思考,提出了:建立合同能源管理专家库,建立合同能源管理项目的绩效评估修正指数,引入政府与社会资本的合作模式拓展融资渠道,以及从全生命周期角度实施节能技改四条建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the mode of administration and management is gradually shifting management and service from self-implementation to government purchase of services, so as to more effectively implement supervision, separate management, highlight the role of administrative supervision. We should really carry out the central authorities' requirement of "promoting the decentralization of government and administration, combining administration and administration, and optimizing service", make full use of social resources and enterprise resources, and implement the management mode of "small government and large society". With regard to the implementation of energy conservation in public institutions, the traditional way of implementation is to adopt the annual budget for the establishment of projects to save energy on facilities and equipment that consume a large amount of energy. In the process of renewal and replacement, more funds are occupied. Financial pressure, and large facilities (such as air conditioning, elevators, etc.) of the renewal of life is generally around 10-15 years. Under the background of economic globalization, the problem of government administrative cost is becoming more and more prominent, the budget is not increasing, but the cost of material and labor is increasing constantly. How to "cut down" has become the bottleneck of administrative management in the process of implementing energy saving in public institutions. At present, the government is exploring new ways to carry out energy management and energy saving transformation, that is, through the market-oriented operation of contract energy management, the social capital should be guided to participate in the energy saving technical reform project and promote the development of energy saving industry. In the process of contract energy management, the power and obligation are decomposed, the energy saving benefits are shared, and the energy resources are saved. This paper briefly introduces the development of contract energy management in our country, the common operation mode of contract energy management, and analyzes the application status, key fields and implementation advantages of contract energy management in public institutions. Taking four representative public organizations, namely, administrative office building, judicial administration office building, hospital and school, as an example, the "Energy Management Project for Energy Management contract for Air-Conditioning and heating Source system, Lighting system" in Shanghai Municipal Office Building is taken as an example. Shanghai second Intermediate people's Court "Comprehensive Project of contract Energy Management", The construction situation of "Energy cost Trust contract Energy Management Project" and "distributed photovoltaic contract Energy Management Project" of Shanghai Chongming Middle School are illustrated. This paper analyzes the rationality of energy diagnosis, the singularity of financing channel and the constraint of energy use in the process of project implementation. To alleviate the above problems, we need to better play the leading role of the government and the leading role of the market in the process of introducing contract energy management into the energy conservation of public institutions. This paper thinks about how to better promote the application of contract energy management in the energy conservation of public institutions, and puts forward the following points: to establish the expert pool of contract energy management, to establish the revised index of performance evaluation of contract energy management project, This paper introduces the cooperation mode between government and social capital to expand the financing channels and four suggestions to implement energy-saving technology reform from the perspective of the whole life cycle.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F206

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