轨道交通项目PPP融资模式—深圳地铁四号线三期工程

发布时间：2018-05-21 05:19

本文选题：地铁四号线 + 交通项目　；参考：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了缓解公路交通的巨大压力,我国各大一线城市以及部分二线三线城市均选择发展轨道交通来缓解日益加大的交通压力。但是轨道交通和其他市政类基础设施项目一样,建设周期较长且项目投资金额较大,所以在短期内,各大城市都已提出要轨道交通建设发展的“可持续发展理念”。选取深圳4号线三期工程作为研究对象,对深圳市轨道交通投融资机制的发展战略、土地使用权的取得和相关的法律基础、技术应用的条件和阻碍因素进行全面阐述,并结合深圳地铁4号线这一具体案例进行研究,提出具体精细化操作,并对下一步改革的方向给出指引。为我国其他城市的基础建设投资融资提供借鉴,也为轨道交通项目投融资提供实践经验。深圳轨道交通4号线是深圳市第一个成功在非建设应用PPP融资模式利润的大型基础设施项目。轨道交通4号线(龙华线)三期项目经国家发改委批准,已于2016年开工建设,预计将于2020年通车。建成后深圳龙华观澜地区市民有望乘坐地铁直达福田口岸,也可转乘地铁到达市区各地。据《国家发展和改革委员会国家发展和改革委员会若干基础[2015]》和《深圳城市轨道交通第三阶段建设规划(2011~2020)调整方案》批准的(修改)文件,深圳地铁4号线的三期工程是从清湖站到牛湖站,长行10.8公里,设车站8个,投资98亿元,规划建设期为2016年至2020年。深圳市轨道交通建设一直非常重视利用各种投融资途径,在工程中,传统的政府投融资模式,大约70%的分配来由政府财政解决,大约30%的资金由商业银行贷款解决;在5号线二期建设中采取BT模式,在4号线二期采用BOT模式建设。为了顺利开展剩余第三阶段和后期阶段的建设,深圳市政府积极探索创新,寻求以新型的投融资方式解决地铁建设中诸多问题,改善当下轨道交通项目建设资金不足、项目投资收益与偿付能力不足的现状。采用PPP融资模式,可以吸引社会资本进入、拓宽资金来源、减轻政府财政支出负担、提高轨道交通项目建设和运营水平,是一个很不错的投融资方式。本文通过对PPP融资模式在轨道交通项目上的应用的梳理,并结合深圳地铁4号线三期建设的PPP融资模式的应用,对项目每个阶段的具体做法进行分析,以提高PPP项目融资成功的可能性。进而提出在应用PPP模式时应注意以下几点:(1)寻找合适的投资者,(2)提高风险应对能力和组织协调能力,(3)学习先进的经验,(4)注重人才培养,(5)提高运营服务水平。通过本文的研究期望对深圳市乃至全国同类项目的开发和建设具有借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:In order to relieve the huge pressure of highway traffic, all the major cities in China and some of the second and third tier cities choose to develop rail transit to alleviate the increasing traffic pressure. However, as other municipal infrastructure projects, rail transit has a long construction period and a large amount of investment, so in the short term, all major cities have put forward the concept of "sustainable development" for the construction and development of rail transit. The third phase project of Shenzhen No. 4 Line is selected as the research object, the development strategy of the investment and financing mechanism of Shenzhen rail transit, the acquisition of the land use right and the relevant legal basis, the conditions of the technology application and the factors hindering the development of the investment and financing mechanism of the rail transit in Shenzhen are expounded comprehensively. Combined with the case of Shenzhen Metro Line 4, the detailed operation is put forward, and the direction of the next reform is given. It provides reference for the investment and financing of other cities in China, and also provides practical experience for the investment and financing of rail transit projects. Shenzhen Rail Transit Line 4 is the first large-scale infrastructure project in Shenzhen to successfully apply the PPP financing model in non-construction. The third phase of rail transit line 4 (Longhua Line), approved by the National Development and Reform Commission, has started construction in 2016 and is expected to be opened to traffic in 2020. After the completion of the Shenzhen Longhua Guanlan area citizens are expected to take the subway through the Futian Port, but also transfer to the subway to the urban areas. According to the documents approved by the National Development and Reform Commission [2015] and the Adjustment Plan for the third stage Construction of Shenzhen Urban Rail Transit (revised), The third phase of Shenzhen Metro Line 4 is from Qinghu Station to Niu Lake Station, with a long line of 10.8 kilometers, eight stations with an investment of 9.8 billion yuan, and the planned construction period from 2016 to 2020. Shenzhen rail transit construction has always attached great importance to the use of various ways of investment and financing, in the project, the traditional government investment and financing mode, about 70% of the allocation by the government financial solution, about 30% of the funds by commercial banks to solve the loan; BT mode is adopted in the second phase construction of line 5 and BOT mode is adopted in the second phase of line 4. In order to smoothly carry out the construction of the remaining third stage and the later stage, the Shenzhen Municipal Government actively explored and innovated, sought to solve many problems in subway construction by means of a new type of investment and financing, and improved the current lack of funds for the construction of rail transit projects. The current situation of insufficient investment income and solvency of the project. The adoption of PPP financing mode can attract social capital, broaden the sources of funds, lighten the burden of government financial expenditure, and improve the construction and operation level of rail transit projects, which is a very good way of investment and financing. Through combing the application of PPP financing mode in rail transit project, and combining with the application of PPP financing mode in the third phase construction of Shenzhen Metro Line 4, this paper analyzes the concrete methods of each stage of the project. To improve the PPP project financing success. Furthermore, the following points should be paid attention to in the application of PPP model: 1) to find a suitable investor, 2) to improve the ability of risk coping and organization coordination, 3) to learn advanced experience, 4) to pay attention to the training of talents, 5) to improve the level of operation and service. The research in this paper is expected to be useful for the development and construction of similar projects in Shenzhen and China.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F283;F572.88

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