动力转换视角下城镇化驱动力升级研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 03:48

本文选题：城镇化 + 驱动力　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城镇化是我国国民经济发展的重大战略,也是全面建设小康社会的重大举措,经过数十年的发展,我国的城镇化建设已经有了很大的进展,本文以改革开放为起点,对城镇化驱动力的演化阶段进行了梳理,发现1980——1990年城镇化主要是由劳动力和政策驱动的,1990——2000年城镇化主要是由生产驱动的,2000年至今主要是由投资驱动的,到目前为止,城镇化的驱动力主要是以劳动力、生产、资本等物质要素为主,属于要素驱动型的城镇化。与此同时,我国经济进入了新常态,正处于深化改革、加快转变经济发展方式、调整经济结构的关键期,城镇化也遇到了一些问题,如经济发展速度与城镇化率不匹配、区域发展不均衡、城乡差距较大、人口城镇化率与户籍城镇化率存在较大差值、土地城镇化增速过度领先于人口城镇化,同时还受到资源和环境、高房价、土地和户籍制度等约束,要素驱动型城镇化难以为继。因此,城镇化驱动力的转换势在必行,创新驱动新型城镇化成为大势所趋。为了测算各驱动力的贡献率,为下一步研究奠定基础,建立回归模型,选取城镇化率作为因变量,劳动、生产、资本、创新、制度作为自变量,通过回归方程估计各指标的系数,据此计算得出各自变量的贡献率。实证研究结果表明劳动对我国城镇化的贡献率为76.81%,资本对城镇化的贡献率为7.83%,生产对城镇化的贡献率为17.14%。劳动、资本和生产这类物质要素对我国城镇化的贡献率超出100%,创新对城镇化的贡献率为20.95%,制度对我国城镇化的贡献率为-22.72%,可以认为我国城镇化驱动力处于物质要素驱动向创新驱动转化的阶段,应尽快实现城镇化驱动力的优化升级。从制度创新、科技创新和社会管理创新三个方面出发,将创新驱动与新型城镇化的关联作用加以说明,制度创新是前提,为城镇化建设排除障碍,科技创新是核心,充分激发城镇化的潜能,社会管理创新是保障,显著提高城镇化的质量。在此基础上,从创新的三个层次出发,提出了创新驱动新型城镇化的对策建议。第一层是要素创新,具体包括加大创新投入,加强土地要素的集约利用,建立城乡对接的要素市场;第二层是产业创新,具体包括推进传统产业的升级转型、为新兴产业拓展空间,积极发展新兴产业、增强企业自主创新能力;第三层是外部环境创新,具体包括创造公平公正的社会环境、营造大众创业、万众创新的社会氛围、合理布局城镇体系,促进区域协调发展。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is not only a major strategy for the development of our national economy, but also a major measure for building a well-off society in an all-round way. After decades of development, the construction of urbanization in our country has made great progress. This paper takes the reform and opening up as the starting point. The evolution stage of the driving force of urbanization is combed. It is found that urbanization was mainly driven by labor force and policy from 1980 to 1990. Urbanization was mainly driven by production from 1990 to 2000, and mainly driven by investment from 2000 to present. Up to now, the main driving force of urbanization is labor force, production, capital and so on. At the same time, China's economy has entered a new normal and is in the critical period of deepening reform, speeding up the transformation of economic development mode, and adjusting economic structure. Urbanization has also encountered some problems, such as the mismatch between the speed of economic development and the rate of urbanization. The regional development is uneven, the gap between urban and rural areas is large, the urbanization rate of population and the rate of urbanization of household registration are quite different, the rate of urbanization of land is excessive ahead of the urbanization of population, and at the same time, it is also subject to resources and environment, high house prices, Land and household registration system and other constraints, factor-driven urbanization is difficult to continue. Therefore, the transformation of urbanization driving force is imperative, innovation driving new-type urbanization has become the general trend. In order to calculate the contribution rate of each driving force, establish the regression model, select urbanization rate as dependent variable, labor, production, capital, innovation, system as independent variable. The coefficient of each index is estimated by regression equation, and the contribution rate of each variable is calculated. The empirical results show that the contribution rate of labor to urbanization is 76.81 the contribution rate of capital to urbanization is 7.83 and the contribution rate of production to urbanization is 17.14. Labour, The contribution rate of capital and production to urbanization in China exceeds 100%, the contribution rate of innovation to urbanization is 20.95, and the contribution rate of institution to urbanization is -22.72. It can be considered that the driving force of urbanization in China is driven by material factors. The transition to innovation-driven, We should realize the optimization and upgrading of urbanization driving force as soon as possible. From the three aspects of institutional innovation, scientific and technological innovation and social management innovation, this paper illustrates the related role of innovation drive and new urbanization. Institutional innovation is the premise, removing obstacles for urbanization construction, and scientific and technological innovation is the core. Fully stimulate the potential of urbanization, social management innovation is a guarantee, significantly improve the quality of urbanization. On this basis, from the three levels of innovation, the paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of innovation-driven new urbanization. The first layer is element innovation, which includes increasing innovation input, strengthening the intensive use of land elements, and establishing a key factor market for urban-rural integration. The second layer is industrial innovation, which specifically includes promoting the upgrading and transformation of traditional industries. Expanding space for emerging industries, actively developing emerging industries, and enhancing the ability of enterprises to innovate independently. The third layer is external environmental innovation, which includes creating a fair and just social environment, creating a social atmosphere of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, Rational distribution of the urban system to promote regional coordinated development.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.21

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