北京市轨道交通与土地利用协调关系评价研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 22:49

本文选题：城市轨道交通 + 土地利用　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着城镇人口的迅速增长,截止到2014年底,我国的城市化率已达54.77%,处于城市化的快速发展阶段。人口的快速增长直接导致交通需求量上升,然而常规公交等基础设施的建设速度明显低于城市人口的增长速度,与此同时,私人机动车保有量迅速增长,以小汽车为主的出行方式无疑对绿色出行环境提出了更大的挑战。为有效缓解道路交通压力,国内许多城市加入到建设轨道交通的行列,但是单纯依靠扩大交通供给无法有效解决城市交通拥堵问题,反而可能导致城市交通环境进一步恶化。究其原因,土地是交通的载体,在建设轨道交通的过程中忽略土地利用对轨道交通客流量的影响以及轨道交通对城市发展的导向作用都会导致交通供给和需求相分离,供需矛盾进一步加剧。因此,从互馈关系的角度出发,对轨道交通与土地利用的协调关系进行分析具有重要的现实意义。本文首先从理论层面出发,分别从城市轨道交通与城市空间结构、城市轨道交通与沿线土地利用两方面着手,对两者的互动关系进行分析,并在此基础上对协调内涵及目标予以说明。其次从实证层面出发,从协调发展目标即促进土地集约化利用和提升轨道交通建设服务水平两方面着手,构建相应的评价指标体系,并应用数据包络分析方法(DEA)对2001-2014年北京市轨道交通与土地利用的协调关系进行分析。结果表明:从整体上看,两者并未实现协调发展,其变化形式呈U字形,即经历了协调——不协调——协调的发展阶段,并从评价系统和决策单元的角度指出两者未能实现协调发展的原因。最后,在明确城市轨道交通与土地利用整体协调发展水平变化情况的基础上,从土地集约化利用和轨道交通建设服务水平两个角度出发提出相应的改进建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of urban population, by the end of 2014, China's urbanization rate has reached 54.77, which is in the rapid development stage of urbanization. The rapid growth of the population directly leads to an increase in traffic demand. However, the construction speed of infrastructure such as conventional public transport is obviously lower than that of the urban population. At the same time, the number of private motor vehicles is growing rapidly. The car-based travel mode undoubtedly poses a greater challenge to the green travel environment. In order to effectively alleviate the pressure of road traffic, many cities in China join in the construction of rail transit, but simply relying on the expansion of traffic supply can not effectively solve the problem of urban traffic congestion, but may lead to further deterioration of the urban traffic environment. The reason is that land is the carrier of traffic. Neglecting the influence of land use on the passenger flow of rail transit and the guiding effect of rail transit on urban development will lead to the separation of traffic supply and demand in the process of construction of rail transit. The contradiction between supply and demand is further intensified. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to analyze the coordination relationship between rail transit and land use from the point of view of mutual feed relationship. This paper starts from the theoretical level, respectively from the urban rail transit and urban spatial structure, urban rail transit and land use along the two aspects of the analysis of the interactive relationship between the two. On the basis of this, the connotation and goal of coordination are explained. Secondly, from the empirical level, from the coordinated development goal, that is, to promote the intensive use of land and improve the level of rail transit construction services, the corresponding evaluation index system is constructed. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to analyze the coordination relationship between rail transit and land use in Beijing from 2001 to 2014. The results show that, on the whole, both of them have not realized coordinated development, and their changing form is U-shaped, that is, they have experienced the development stage of coordination-disharmony-coordination. The reasons why the two fail to achieve coordinated development are pointed out from the point of view of evaluation system and decision unit. Finally, on the basis of defining the change of the overall coordinated development level of urban rail transit and land use, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for improvement from two angles of land intensive utilization and rail transit construction service level.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F572.88;F299.23

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