我国快递企业中转中心（场）的区位及其竞争

发布时间：2018-09-19 07:00

【摘要】：中转中心(场)是快递网络系统中的重要组成部分,是快递网络中区域性的边界和快递线路的结节之处。本文首先根据德勤与国家邮政局《2014-2015中国物流产业投资促进报告》中提及的十大快递企业:顺丰速运、邮政EMS、中通快递、申通快递、圆通快递、韵达快递、百世快递、宅急送快递、天天快递和国通快递作为研究对象,对十大企业中转中心(场)的区位空间分布及其竞争的属性数据,借助于GIS软件的空间分析功能模块,从宏观和微观方面分别对快递企业中转中心(场)的总体分布、区域级、省级和城市级等角度分析其区位空间分布特征,并运用SPSS数据分析软件中的主成分分析工具,对影响快递企业中转中心(场)区域分布的影响因子进行测度和分析。最后,找出中转中心(场)布局中内外部存在的问题,并提出相应的优化策略。快递业的空间组织整体上呈现出为社会经济和人口服务的趋势特征,并与区域地形地貌、当地的区位条件、消费结构、产业状况和政府政策相关。对我国快递业中转中心(场)空间的分析研究,一方面可以了解它的空间布局及其分布规律和模式,另一方面也揭示了我国快递业的整体发展方向与社会经济的关联度。本文针对我国快递企业中转中心(场)的空间分布及其影响因素进行了系统研究,主要包括以下三方面的内容:第一,运用ArcGIS建立快递企业中转中心(场)在全国分布的数据库,采用GIS空间分析中的空间分析模块,从区域性、省级和城市级的角度出发,讨论了我国快递企业中转中心(场)的空间分布特征并对民营企业和国营企业进行比较。论文认为我国快递企业的中转中心(场)总体分布呈现出沿海及中游地区分布较多,东北、西南与西北地区分布较少的特点,东中西部地区的中转中心(场)大致呈现7:3:2的比例关系,江苏省、浙江省和广东省所分布的数量最多,多数以省会城市集聚,主要布局在广州、上海、无锡、南京、宁波、北京、杭州等城市。第二,论文在分析我国快递企业中转中心(场)空间分布特征的基础上,发现中转中心(场)的空间分布特征受到多变量的影响,且相互之间存在着密切的联系,在快递企业发展的过程中,这些变量因素日趋显现。论文从快递业的行业特征和市场特征着手,主要从交通环境、经济环境、市场环境以及政治环境等维度建立指标体系,来探讨中转中心(场)空间布局的影响因素。论文认为:我国快递企业中转中心(场)区位分布受民用航空货邮运量、铁路货运量、人均GDP、人均社会消费品总额、批发和零售业商品销售额影响最大,移动电话用户数以及互联网宽带接入用户数已经成为重要的影响因子。第三,对我国快递业中转中心(场)的布局与内部建设提出存在的问题及其优化策略,以提升快递企业自身的综合竞争力。综上所述,本文结合我国快递企业中转中心(场)的分布特点,通过分析我国十家快递企业具体的中转中心(场)空间区位分布特征及其影响因素,从而丰富我国快递企业相关理论的实证研究范畴,为我国快递企业的发展布局提供了有效的理论基础。
[Abstract]:Transfer center (yard) is an important part of express delivery network system, and it is the regional boundary and junction of express delivery line in express delivery network.Firstly, according to the ten express enterprises mentioned in Deloitte and National Post Office's "China Logistics Industry Investment Promotion Report 2014-2015": Shunfeng Express, Post EMS, China Express, Shentong Express,etc. Yuantong Express, Yunda Express, Baishi Express, Homestead Express, Tiantian Express and Tongtong Express are taken as the research objects. With the help of the spatial analysis function module of GIS software, the spatial distribution and competition attributes of the ten transit centers (yards) of express enterprises are analyzed from macroscopic and microscopic aspects respectively. Distribution, regional, provincial and city-level analysis of its spatial distribution characteristics, and the use of SPSS data analysis software in the principal component analysis tools, the impact of the transfer center (yard) on the regional distribution of express delivery enterprises to measure and analyze the factors. Finally, find out the transfer center (yard) layout of the internal and external problems, and put forward The spatial organization of express delivery industry shows the trend of social economy and human services as a whole, and is related to regional topography and landforms, local location conditions, consumption structure, industrial conditions and government policies. On the other hand, it also reveals the relationship between the overall development direction of China's express industry and the social economy. This paper makes a systematic study on the spatial distribution of the transfer center (yard) of China's express enterprises and its influencing factors, mainly including the following three aspects: First, the use of ArcGIS to establish express enterprises. This paper discusses the spatial distribution characteristics of transit centers (yards) in China's express enterprises from the regional, provincial and urban perspectives, and compares private enterprises with state-owned enterprises by using the spatial analysis module of GIS spatial analysis. There are more coastal and middle reaches, less northeast, southwest and northwest. The transit center (field) in the east, West and central regions is approximately 7:3:2. Jiangsu Province, Zhejiang Province and Guangdong Province are the most abundant. Most of them are concentrated in provincial capitals, mainly in Guangzhou, Shanghai, Wuxi and Nanjing. Secondly, based on the analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of the transfer center (yard) in China's express delivery enterprises, it is found that the spatial distribution characteristics of the transfer center (yard) are affected by many variables, and there is a close relationship between them. In the process of the development of express delivery enterprises, these variables are increasingly apparent. Starting from the industry and market characteristics of express delivery industry, this paper mainly establishes an index system from the dimensions of traffic environment, economic environment, market environment and political environment to explore the factors influencing the spatial distribution of transfer centers (yards). Per capita GDP, per capita total social consumer goods, wholesale and retail merchandise sales have the greatest impact on the number of mobile phone users and Internet broadband access users has become an important impact factor. Third, China's express industry transfer center (yard) layout and internal construction of the existing problems and optimization strategies to enhance the express delivery industry. In summary, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics and its influencing factors of the transit centers (yards) of ten express delivery enterprises in China, so as to enrich the empirical research scope of the related theories of express delivery enterprises in China and serve as the express delivery enterprises in China. The layout of development provides an effective theoretical basis.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F259.2

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