交通基础设施建设与本地就业:效应评估及传导机制分析

发布时间：2018-10-15 10:52

【摘要】：文章从交通基础设施建设的视角分析就业的问题,利用我国数据探究交通对各城市二三产业劳动就业所造成的影响。现实中交通建设对于本地经济的拉动作用实际上存在巨大疑问,地区之间发展差距往往由于交通的便捷进一步拉大,发展的非均衡问题被凸显出来,但修路是否能够拉动本地就业水平这一问题之前并没有得到足够的讨论与分析。文章的研究肯定了城市交通基础设施的建设与完善对于本地制造业以及服务业的就业吸纳能力都存在着促进作用,但由于人口外流,经济落后地区受到交通便捷带来的本地就业扩张影响较小。而伴随着经济发展,交通基础设施建设对本地就业的贡献越大,在空间距离上,表现出的特征是靠近北上广等核心城市以及省会城市的地区,由于人口外流成本的降低,交通建设带来的便捷不会对本地就业造成积极影响,而在相对距离居中的地区,其就业受到交通的影响最大。而在远离核心及省会城市的地区,经济的落后,交通的建设也会促使人口大量外流,对于本地就业并无裨益。而在总体上,较之制造业,服务业的就业水平受到的交通影响较为稳定,文章的结论指出需警惕交通建设对欠发达地区经济发展带来的负面影响,对邻近发达地区的中小城市,应加快其劳动力市场制度的建设,推进其公共服务的落实,促进人口合理化的流动以及我国各地区间协调性的城镇化发展。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the problem of employment from the perspective of transportation infrastructure construction, and explores the impact of traffic on the employment of the secondary and tertiary industries in various cities by using the data of our country. In reality, there are huge doubts about the pull effect of traffic construction on the local economy. The development gap between regions is often enlarged because of the convenience of transportation, and the unbalanced development problem is highlighted. But the question of whether road building can boost local employment has not been discussed and analyzed enough. The study confirms that the construction and improvement of urban transport infrastructure can promote the employment absorption capacity of local manufacturing and service industries, but due to the outflow of population, Economically backward areas are less affected by the expansion of local employment caused by convenient transportation. With economic development, the greater the contribution of transportation infrastructure construction to local employment, the spatial distance is characterized by the proximity of the core cities, such as the north to Guangzhou and the provincial capitals, because of the decrease in the cost of population outflow. The convenience brought by traffic construction will not have a positive impact on local employment, but in the middle of the relative distance, the employment is most affected by traffic. In areas far away from the core and provincial capitals, economic backwardness and transport construction will also encourage massive outflows, which will not benefit local employment. On the whole, the employment level of the service industry is more stable than that of the manufacturing industry. The conclusion of the paper points out that it is necessary to guard against the negative impact of traffic construction on the economic development of the less developed areas, and on the small and medium-sized cities in the neighboring developed regions. We should speed up the construction of its labor market system, promote the implementation of its public services, promote the flow of population rationalization and the coordinated urbanization development among different regions in China.
【作者单位】：江西财经大学国际经贸学院;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2016M592103) 江西省高等学校省级教学改革立项项目(JXJG-15-4-10) 江西省科技厅重点项目(20161BBA10009)的资助
【分类号】：F512;F249.2

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