A企业循环甩挂运输车辆调度成本优化研究

发布时间：2018-11-10 10:03

【摘要】：在我国许多物流企业都存在着运输效率低、装卸等待时间过长、里程率低等一些问题,这些问题不仅提高了企业的运营成本,同时在一定程度上也阻碍了物流运输行业的发展。因此,如何有效的解决这些问题是目前运输企业及国家比较关注的问题。在国外发达国家,甩挂运输作为一种新兴的运输方式,由于其具有降低运输成本、提高运输效率、提高里程率、减少环境污染、降低装卸等待时间等优点,已得到大力的推广,被应用在许多运输场合。在此情况下,我国也开始大力发展甩挂运输,由于甩挂运输在我国开展的比较晚,所以其技术水平还处在落后状态,还需要进一步的研究和发展。甩挂运输的核心问题——车辆调度更应该得到相应的关注和研究。本文先通过对研究课题的背景、目的、意义等进行了描述,并且分析、研究了国内外对甩挂运输研究的情况,最终作出了本文的技术路线图。然后对甩挂运输定义、适用范围等进行详细的介绍,并研究了甩挂运输的组织模式及车辆调度,介绍了解决车辆调度问题的方法,还对各种方法进行了说明。再结合A企业的所要开展的实际运输,为其进行循环甩挂运输的方案设计。先运用AHP方法解决车场的选择,建立循环甩挂运输车辆调度优化模型,将其目标都转换为成本费用,提出了最终优化目标成本最小化。同时还对比求解问题的启发式算法,比较各算法求解问题的优缺点,最后选择模拟退火算法,并运用MATLAB软件进行程序编辑,最后得出循环甩挂运输的最佳路线,计算出所需的运输成本,并与传统调度模式进行对比,进而得出循环甩挂运输可以为A企业每天降低四千元左右的运输成本费用。
[Abstract]:In China, many logistics enterprises have some problems, such as low transportation efficiency, long loading and unloading time, low mileage rate and so on. These problems not only increase the operating cost of enterprises, but also hinder the development of logistics transportation industry to a certain extent. Therefore, how to effectively solve these problems is currently concerned by transport enterprises and countries. In developed countries, as a new mode of transportation, it has been popularized because of its advantages of reducing transportation cost, improving transportation efficiency, increasing mileage, reducing environmental pollution and reducing waiting time for loading and unloading. It is used in many transportation occasions. In this case, our country also began to vigorously develop swing and hang transport, because of the relatively late development in our country, so its technical level is still in a backward state, but also needs further research and development. The core problem of transportation, vehicle scheduling, should be paid more attention and research. This paper first describes the background, purpose and significance of the research topic, and analyzes the domestic and foreign research on swing and hang transportation, and finally makes the technical roadmap of this paper. Then, the definition and applicable range of swing and hang transportation are introduced in detail, and the organization mode and vehicle scheduling of swing and hang transportation are studied. The methods to solve the problem of vehicle scheduling are introduced, and various methods are also explained. Combining with the actual transportation of enterprise A, the scheme of circulation transportation is designed. First, the AHP method is used to solve the problem of vehicle yard selection, and the optimal model of vehicle scheduling is established. The target is converted into cost, and the final optimization objective cost minimization is proposed. At the same time, the heuristic algorithm for solving the problem is compared, the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm are compared, the simulated annealing algorithm is chosen, and the program is edited by using MATLAB software. The required transportation cost is calculated and compared with the traditional dispatching mode, and it is concluded that the circulation and hanging transportation can reduce the transportation cost of about 4,000 yuan per day for the A enterprise.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F259.23

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