从豪车被撞看我国第三者责任保险制度存在的问题

发布时间：2018-01-03 02:26

本文关键词：从豪车被撞看我国第三者责任保险制度存在的问题　出处：《河北经贸大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展,汽车已经成为大众普遍的代步工具,并且豪车越来越受富人阶层的青睐。随着豪车上路频率的增加,普通车与豪车相撞的概率也随之增加。豪车价值高,数量少,而且大多都是进口车,维修时零配件都需要国外进口,外汇波动极易导致配件价格的变动,所以维修配件的价格只有当向国外订货时才能确定,并且还有维修工时费,因此一旦豪车被撞,轻者赔偿几万块,严重的话就要赔偿几十万甚至是上百万的赔款。所以普通车与豪车相撞,并且普通车车主承担事故全部或者主要责任时,将面临着天价赔偿。由于我国刑法规定,由交通事故肇事者造成的财产损失,无能力赔偿数额超过三十万元的,将面临着有期徒刑或者拘役。普通车车主可能只是轻微过失,并没有发生肇事逃逸等恶劣行为,就导致自己倾家荡产甚至牢狱之灾有失公平。本文从该角度入手,希望通过完善我国第三者责任保险制度,将普通车车主面临的此类风险转嫁出去。本文共分为六部分。第一部分介绍了研究背景,以及研究此论文的目的和意义;第二部分是机动车第三者责任保险理论解析,包括责任保险和机动车第三者责任保险的基本理论。第三部分介绍了中国的豪车市场现状和豪车被撞的案例以及事故处理方法和带来的问题,包括普通车车主承担巨大的赔偿压力、豪车车主背负舆论压力、造成路权的不平等、扭曲社会价值观和忽视了实质正义等问题;第四部分是从豪车被撞的角度看我国三责险制度存在的问题,主要有豪车理赔时易引发道德风险、我国法律关于车辆第三者责任赔偿的规定不够完善、第三者责任保险的保险责任不够细化、车主投保高档三责险意识薄弱等;第五部分分析了国外关于普通车与豪车相撞事件的解决方法,主要是美国的“无过错”制度和“无保险和保险不足驾驶人保险”、加拿大采取强制制度、日本的“普通车辆之外的理赔保险”和德国的三责险制度;第六部分就是针对我国三责险制度存在的问题提出了完善我国三责险制度的建议,包括对第三者责任险设置附加险、设定车辆第三者责任赔偿上限、借鉴美国的“无保险和保险不足驾驶人保险”、车主加强风险防范意识,合理选择商业保险、保险公司加大宣传力度等,希望能够提出一些实用性的建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the economy, cars have become a popular means of transportation for the public, and luxury cars are becoming more and more popular among the rich, and with the increasing frequency of luxury cars on the road. The probability of ordinary cars colliding with luxury cars also increases. Luxury cars are high in value, small in quantity, and most of them are imported vehicles. When maintenance, parts need to be imported from abroad, and foreign exchange fluctuations are easy to cause changes in the price of spare parts. So the price of maintenance parts can only be determined when ordering to foreign countries, and there are maintenance hours, so once the luxury car was hit, light compensation of tens of thousands of yuan. If it is serious, it will cost hundreds of thousands of or even millions of dollars. So when ordinary cars collide with luxury cars, and ordinary car owners bear full or primary responsibility for the accident. Will face the sky price compensation. Because our country criminal law stipulation, by the traffic accident perpetrator causes the property loss, does not have the ability to compensate the amount to exceed 300,000 Yuan. Will face imprisonment or criminal detention. Ordinary car owners may be only minor negligence, and no hit-and-run and other bad behavior. This article starts from this angle, hoping to improve the third party liability insurance system of our country. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part introduces the research background and the purpose and significance of this paper. The second part is the motor vehicle third party liability insurance theory analysis. The third part introduces the current situation of China's luxury car market, the case of luxury car collision, and the accident treatment methods and problems. Including ordinary car owners bear huge compensation pressure, luxury car owners bear the pressure of public opinion, resulting in unequal road rights, distortion of social values and neglect of substantive justice and other issues; The 4th part is from the point of view of the collision of luxury cars, the three liability insurance system of our country has the problems, which mainly include the moral hazard caused by the claims of luxury cars, and the regulations of the third party liability compensation of the vehicles in our country are not perfect enough. The insurance liability of third party liability insurance is not detailed enough, and the consciousness of the third party liability insurance is weak, and so on. In the 5th part, the author analyzes the solutions to the collision between ordinary cars and luxury cars, mainly the "no-fault" system in the United States and the "uninsured and underinsured drivers' insurance" in Canada, and Canada adopts the compulsory system. Japan's "compensation insurance other than ordinary vehicles" and Germany's triple liability insurance system; The 6th part is aimed at the problems existing in the triple liability insurance system in our country and puts forward some suggestions to perfect the three liability insurance system of our country, including setting up additional risks to the third party liability insurance and setting the upper limit of the vehicle third party liability compensation. Drawing lessons from America's "uninsured and underinsured driver's insurance", the owner strengthens the risk prevention consciousness, reasonably chooses the commercial insurance, the insurance company strengthens the propaganda and so on, hoping to put forward some practical suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F842.69

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