小额保险对农户小额信贷风险分担的作用分析

发布时间：2018-02-25 16:41

本文关键词： 小额保险农户小额信贷风险风险分担 logistic模型回归　出处：《浙江财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：小额信贷作为国际上公认的能够帮助低收入人口特别是低收入农户脱贫最为有效的方式之一。在发展中国家中这是一项重要的金融创新，它对我国农村金融发展有着重要的地位。它在调整信贷市场结构、加大信贷供给、优化产业结构以及解决农户和低收入人群收入低等方面发挥了重要作用。农户小额信贷在农村金融中的地位不断提高，我国开展农户小额信贷机构的规模也逐渐发展壮大。但是，随着我国农户小额信贷在农村全面开展，因为有风险分担系统主要责任不清楚,少参与机构、层次结构和其他问题不清楚，出现了许多问题摆在我们面前，导致有些地区农户小额信贷还款率逐年恶化，对农户小额信贷良好可持续发展带来了严重的影响。因此，有必要建立一个合理有效的风险分担和转移机制来降低信用风险的小农民。近年来,国家已经推出了一个低保费，适度保护，政策的朴素、简单的微型保险，主要为农户和收入低的人群提供服务，它作为金融扶贫的有效手段，成为了我国小微金融的重要组成部分。小额保险的出现从一定程度上可以作为分担农户小额信贷风险的手段，，但是其能否有效分担农户小额信贷风险，分担效果如何，通过何种传到机理进行分担，却没有人进行探讨过。基于此，本文在结合国内已有的“小额保险+农户小额信贷”发展模式基础上，结合浙江实地调研，在经济学、风险管理作为理论基础的计量分析方法，首先从理论方面介绍面向农村小额信贷市场是合理的进行全面分析。然后，针对小额保险作为分担农户小额信贷风险的工具，从经济学的角度出发，通过博弈论方法来分析小额信贷机构、保险机构与农户三方之间的风险分担机理。其次，实证方面：从农户角度，对浙江省内的杭州、嘉兴、台州、温州、桐乡五地的农户小额信贷开展状况采取了一对一的问卷调查方式，获取了第一手资料作为实证分析依据，采用Binary Logistic模型进行实证分析。通过实证分析，论证了小额保险能够分担农户小额信贷风险的作用，结果表明，户主文化水平、家庭收入来源、耕地面积、是否购买小额保险、小额贷款的总额以及贷款利率会显著影响农户是否受到小额信贷的约束，而且，信贷农户购买的小额保险额度越大，其对农户获得小额贷款的作用越显著。最后，在此基础上，通过改进当前小额贷款和小额保险的互动机制的对策和建议，希望对小额信贷的国家结合开发微型保险的农村金融改革激发了一些帮助。
[Abstract]:Microcredit, as one of the most effective ways of helping low-income people, especially low-income farmers, to lift themselves out of poverty, is recognized internationally as an important financial innovation in developing countries, It plays an important role in the development of rural finance in China. It is adjusting the structure of the credit market and increasing the supply of credit. It plays an important role in optimizing the industrial structure and solving the problem of low income of farmers and low-income groups. However, with the development of micro-credit in rural areas, because the main responsibility of risk-sharing system is not clear, less participation in institutions, The hierarchical structure and other problems are not clear, and many problems have appeared in front of us, which has led to the deterioration of micro-credit repayment rate of farmers in some areas year by year, which has had a serious impact on the good and sustainable development of micro-credit for farmers. It is necessary to establish a reasonable and effective risk-sharing and transfer mechanism to reduce the credit risk of small farmers. In recent years, the state has introduced a low-security fee, moderate protection, simple policy and simple micro-insurance. Providing services mainly to farmers and low-income groups, as an effective means of financial poverty alleviation, Microfinance has become an important part of micro-finance in China. The emergence of micro-insurance can be used as a means to share the risk of micro-credit to a certain extent, but whether it can effectively share the micro-credit risk of farmers, and how to share the effect, Based on this, based on the existing development model of "micro-insurance farmer micro-credit" in China, combining with the field investigation in Zhejiang Province, this article is in economics. Risk management as a theoretical basis of econometric analysis method, first of all, from the theoretical point of view to introduce the rural microfinance market is a reasonable comprehensive analysis, and then, for micro-insurance as a means to share the risk of micro-credit farmers, From the angle of economics, this paper analyzes the risk sharing mechanism among micro-credit institutions, insurance institutions and farmers through the method of game theory. Secondly, from the perspective of farmers, from the perspective of farmers, it analyzes the risk sharing mechanism of Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Taizhou in Zhejiang Province. In Wenzhou, Tongxiang, the development of micro-credit of farmers in five places adopted one-to-one questionnaire, obtained first-hand information as the basis of empirical analysis, using Binary Logistic model to carry out empirical analysis. This paper demonstrates the role of micro-insurance in sharing the risk of micro-credit of farmers. The results show that the education level of the head of household, the source of household income, the area of cultivated land, whether to buy micro-insurance, The total amount of small loans and the interest rate of loans will significantly affect whether or not farmers are constrained by microcredit. Moreover, the larger the amount of micro-insurance purchased by credit farmers, the more significant the effect on farmers' access to microcredit. Finally, on this basis, By improving the current interactive mechanism of micro-credit and micro-insurance, the author hopes to stimulate some help for the rural financial reform of micro-credit countries in combination with the development of micro-insurance.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.66;F832.43

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