我国道路交通事故社会救助基金制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 08:27

本文选题：道路交通事故　切入点：社会救助　出处：《山东师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济社会持续快速发展,机动车开始进入普通百姓家,日渐成为人们较为普遍的出行工具。据公安部交管局统计,截至2016年8月底,全国机动车保有量达2.82亿辆,其中汽车(含三轮汽车和低速载货汽车)1.86亿辆。我国机动车保有量的迅速增长在推动经济快速发展和给人们生产生活带来便利的同时,也进一步加大了人、车、路之间的矛盾,为交通事故的发生埋下极大的安全隐患,我国道路交通事故数量也呈现逐年增加趋势。2003年全国交通事故数量约为6.7万起,到2014年这个数据已迅速攀升到19.6万。2013年,我国因交通事故死亡58539人,受伤213724人。2014年,我国因交通事故死亡58523人,受伤211882人。交通事故伤亡人数居高不下,交通事故给人们生命健康造成的危害可见一斑。机动车数量的大量增加一方面凸显了我国经济、社会建设的巨大成就,但也预示着在相当长的一段时间内交通事故多发现状不会得到明显改善。大量交通事故的背后是千千万万无法得到及时救治的受害人,这一部分人有着强烈的获得补偿和救助的需求,针对道路交通事故受害人建立一个长期而高效的救助体系已是迫在眉睫。这种情况下,道路交通事故社会救助基金制度应运而生。如果仅从表面上看,我国似乎已经逐步建立了完善的道路交通事故社会救助基金制度。《道路交通安全法》、《机动车交通事故责任强制保险条例》、《道路交通事故社会救助基金管理试行办法》对道路交通事故救助基金的管理机构、基金的来源、垫付、追偿等项目进行了规定。但笔者看来,道路交通事故救助基金制度在我国还远谈不上建立。首先,《道路交通事故社会救助基金管理试行办法》将设立道路交通事故社会救助基金的具体职责授权给各级省政府。由于我国不同省份、地区之间发展不平衡,各地很可能在救助基金的制度建设和实施上有所不同,甚至救助基金在很多省市可能就是一个空壳,不能保证救助基金制度在全国的统一性。其次,《道路交通事故社会救助基金管理试行办法》只是对基金的管理、筹集、使用、追偿等问题进行了原则上的规定,在实际操作过程中可能面临无法可依的窘境。所以我国离真正建立救助基金制度还有相当长的距离。本文将讨论我国现行救助基金的制度及其理论基础,发现我国关于救助基金制度不足,通过借鉴发达国家和地区的先进经验,并结合我国的实际情况,提出切实可行的改善建议。
[Abstract]:With the sustained and rapid economic and social development of our country, motor vehicles have begun to enter the homes of ordinary people and become more and more popular means of travel. According to statistics from the Traffic Administration of the Ministry of Public Security, by the end of August 2016, the number of motor vehicles in the country had reached 282 million. Of these, 186 million vehicles (including three-wheeled vehicles and low-speed cargo vehicles). The rapid growth in the number of motor vehicles in China has promoted the rapid economic development and brought convenience to people's production and living, and at the same time has further increased the contradictions between people, cars, and roads. For the occurrence of traffic accidents, the number of road traffic accidents in China has been increasing year by year. In 2003, the number of traffic accidents in China was about 67,000. By 2014, the number of traffic accidents had climbed rapidly to 196,000. 2013. 58539 people were killed and 213724 injured in traffic accidents in China. In 2014, 58523 people died and 211882 were injured in traffic accidents. Traffic accidents do harm to people's lives and health. On the one hand, the huge increase in the number of motor vehicles highlights the great achievements in our country's economic and social construction. But it also indicates that the situation of traffic accidents will not be significantly improved for a long time. Behind a large number of traffic accidents are thousands of victims who cannot be treated in time. This part of the population has a strong need for compensation and relief. It is urgent to establish a long-term and efficient relief system for the victims of road traffic accidents. The Social Relief Fund for Road Traffic Accidents came into being. It seems that China has gradually established a perfect social rescue fund system for road traffic accidents. The Law on Road Traffic Safety, the regulations on compulsory Insurance for Motor vehicle Traffic Accidents, and the trial Office for the Administration of Social Relief Fund for Road Traffic Accidents. Law on the Administration of the Road Traffic accident Relief Fund, The source of the fund, advance payment, recovery and other items have been specified. But the author seems, The system of road traffic accident rescue fund is still far from being established in our country. First of all, the measures for the management of social rescue fund for road traffic accident will authorize the specific responsibility of setting up the social rescue fund for road traffic accident to all levels. The provincial government. Because of the different provinces of our country, The development between regions is uneven, and it is very likely that various regions will be different in terms of the system construction and implementation of the rescue fund. Even the rescue fund may be a shell in many provinces and cities. There is no guarantee of the unity of the relief fund system in the whole country. Secondly, the "measures for the Administration of Social Relief Fund for Road Traffic Accidents" only provides in principle for the management, collection, use and recovery of the fund. In the course of practical operation, we may be faced with a dilemma that can not be relied on. So, our country is still a long way from establishing the rescue fund system. This paper will discuss the current system of rescue fund and its theoretical basis in our country. It is found that the system of rescue fund is not enough in our country. By using the advanced experience of developed countries and regions for reference and combining the actual situation of our country, some practical suggestions for improvement are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.14

【参考文献】