我国基本养老保险基金投资运营模式研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 13:41

本文选题：基本养老保险基金　切入点：投资运营　出处：《对外经济贸易大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：养老保险是一项重要的社会保障制度，养老金的实际价值关系公民退休待遇切身利益。在我国，基本养老保险发挥着最重要的基础保障作用，，是我国养老保险体系的主体。为确保基金安全以及考虑市场发展不成熟等原因，一直以来基本养老保险基金只限于存入银行或购买国债，收益率低，甚至跑不过CPI。特别是随着人口老龄化进程加快，基本养老保险基金保值增值问题越来越受到关注，社会上讨论也越来越多。一种观点认为，必须通过市场化投资，以提高基金的投资收益。另一种观点认为，基本养老保险基金性质特殊，必须确保安全，市场化投资有风险，应务必慎重。本文力图回答基本养老保险基金该不该投资运营、如何投资运营这个问题。目前，对养老金保值增值的讨论很多，但是讨论对象的范围还不是很清楚、借鉴国外经验存在错位现象。比如，有的将基本养老保险基金与全国社会保障基金、企业年金等混淆，有的把我国基本养老保险与美国雇主养老金401K计划等进行对比。本文认为，应从一国养老保险体系出发，对体系中某个养老保险项目，要以分析其制度性质、发挥作用等为基础，进行有针对性的具体研究。本文从我国养老保险体系出发，界定了基本养老保险基金的范围，明确其强制性养老保险性质，将其与全国社会保障基金、企业年金既区分又联系起来，既有针对性又有比较地进行研究。瑞典、美国、新加坡、智利等国家养老保险体系及其基金投资运营特点鲜明，本文通过比较分析，找出国外强制性养老保险基金投资运营的一些做法和规律，结合我国实际，分析目前基本养老保险基金投资运营存在的问题，提出实行市场化、多元化投资的思路，提出发行基本养老保险统筹基金专项国债、国债资金和个人账户投资运营范围以及相对集中的投资运营管理模式等建议。当前，国家正在制定基本养老保险投资运营办法，本文有关思路可以提供参考。
[Abstract]:The pension insurance is an important social security system, the actual value of the pension relates to the vital interests of the citizen's retirement treatment. In our country, the basic old-age insurance plays the most important basic protection role. It is the main body of the pension insurance system in our country. In order to ensure the safety of the fund and consider the immature development of the market, the basic pension insurance fund has always been limited to deposit in the bank or purchase the national debt, and the rate of return is low. Especially as the process of aging the population accelerates, the issue of maintaining and increasing the value of basic pension insurance funds has received more and more attention, and there has been more and more discussion in society. One view is that we must invest through marketization. In order to improve the investment income of the fund, another view is that the basic pension fund is special in nature, it must be safe, the investment in the market should be risky, and we should be careful. This paper tries to answer whether the basic pension insurance fund should invest in operation or not. How to invest in the operation of the problem. At present, there are a lot of discussions on maintaining and increasing the value of pensions, but the scope of the discussion is not very clear. For example, some people will have basic pension insurance funds and national social security funds. Some people compare the basic old-age insurance of our country with the 401K plan of the American employer's pension. This paper holds that we should start from the pension insurance system of a country, and analyze the nature of a certain pension insurance project in the system. Play a role on the basis of specific targeted research. Starting from the endowment insurance system of our country, this paper defines the scope of the basic pension insurance fund, clarifies the nature of its compulsory endowment insurance, distinguishes it with the national social security fund and the enterprise annuity. Sweden, the United States, Singapore, Chile and other countries pension insurance system and its fund investment and operation characteristics are distinct, this paper through comparative analysis, This paper finds out some practices and rules of investment and operation of foreign compulsory pension insurance funds, analyzes the problems existing in the investment and operation of basic pension insurance funds in China, and puts forward the idea of marketization and diversification of investment. Suggestions are put forward for issuing special treasury bonds, investment and operation scope of national debt funds and personal accounts, and relatively centralized investment and operation management models for basic pension insurance funds. At present, the state is formulating measures for the investment and operation of basic old-age insurance. The relevant ideas in this paper can be used for reference.
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.67

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