中国流动人口参加医疗保险影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-03-13 13:28

本文选题：流动人口　切入点：医疗保险　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放后,我国流动人口开始增加,从1982年以来的历次普查数据来看,流动人口一直呈增长趋势:1990年为3 750万人,2000年增长到1.02亿人,2010年增长到2.21亿人,国家统计局基于2015年1%抽样调查数据推算出2015年流动人口规模在2.47亿,流动人口的数量还会增加,但是增速有所下降。中国流动人口在为社会经济发展做出贡献的同时,其自身人身权益也应该得到充分保障。医疗保障是社会保障的重要组成部分,社会医疗保险服务在保障公民生存发展权利方面有着不可替代的作用。利用2015年中国流动人口动态监测数据,从流动人口的个体自然特征流动特征、经济特征、社会融入特征、主观意愿等方面十个因素考察各因素对流动人口是否参加医疗保险的影响并运用Logistic回归模型进行单变量回归分析,并分不同险种做多变量逐步回归分析。对是否参保的单变量回归分析表明,从全国范围来看,对流动人口是否参保具有显著影响的包括户籍、婚姻、受教育程度、收入水平等,而性别因素和年龄因素没有显著影响且不通过有效性检验。其中,具有正向影响的是受教育程度,农业户口、婚姻家庭、月收入、务工经商、长期居住意愿、获得健康知识,而流动范围、流入时长、民营企业因素具有反向影响。进一步分析不同参保险种,新型农村合作医疗因户籍地与政策影响导致模型拟合结果异常,对于城乡居民医疗保险来说,在未上过学的到初中之间的流动人口与参保正相关,高中/中专到大学本科学历则为负相关;获得健康知识的参保概率较高。城镇居民保医疗保险方面,月收入方面只有2 001元以上影响显著,流动半径越小,获得健康知识二者对参保有正向影响。城镇职工医疗保险方面,在三资企业的参保概率最高;只有小学、大学专科、大学本科正影响,收入的影响不大,3 000元以下为正向的影响。另外,不同影响因素在东北、东、中、西四个地区表现影响不同。户口类型的影响在东北地区与中部地区均居首位,婚姻状况对东北地区与西部地区的参保有显著影响;流入时长只对西部地区有显著影响。但是对东北地区影响从结果上看只有跨县的参保概率高。东、中、东北地区只有三资企业在与参考变量相比是显著的。受教育程度、流动范围、流入地获得健康知识对四个地区均有显著正影响。从上述研究所得出的结论出发,要加强流动人口参保的积极性、提高各类医疗保险对流动人口的覆盖面和保障水平,本文认为,应该从进一步完善流动人口医疗保险制度和加强公民的福利意识两大方面着手加以推动。即打破户籍制度的制约,分层分类解决参保需求,减小地区差异;重视流动人口的社会地位以及保障权利,加强教育培训,普及健康知识,为流动人口创造一个公平的社会环境。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening up, the floating population of our country began to increase. From the data of the previous census since 1982, the floating population has been increasing: 37.5 million in 1990, 102 million in 2000, 221 million in 2000, Based on the 1% sample survey data of 2015, the National Bureau of Statistics calculates that the size of the floating population will be 247 million in 2015, and the number of floating population will increase, but the growth rate will decrease. China's floating population contributes to social and economic development at the same time. Their personal rights and interests should also be fully safeguarded. Medical security is an important part of social security. Social medical insurance plays an irreplaceable role in protecting citizens' right to survive and develop. Based on the data of dynamic monitoring of floating population in China in 2015, the characteristics of mobility, economic and social integration of floating population are analyzed. Ten factors, such as subjective will, were investigated to determine whether the floating population participated in medical insurance or not, and univariate regression analysis was carried out by using Logistic regression model. The univariate regression analysis on whether to participate in the insurance or not shows that, from a nationwide perspective, whether or not the floating population is insured includes household registration, marriage, education level, income level, and so on. However, gender and age factors have no significant influence and do not pass the validity test. Among them, the positive effects are educational level, agricultural household registration, marriage and family, monthly income, working and doing business, long-term living intention, and obtaining health knowledge. But the flow range, the inflow time is long, the private enterprise factor has the reverse influence. Further analyzes the different insured insurance type, the new rural cooperative medical service causes the model fitting result abnormal because of the household registration and the policy influence, for the urban and rural residents medical insurance, The floating population from non-school to junior high school is positively correlated with insurance participation, while the undergraduate degree from high school / technical secondary school to university is negatively correlated; the probability of obtaining health knowledge is higher. In the aspect of urban residents' insurance and medical insurance, The monthly income is only over 2 001 yuan, the smaller the flow radius, the positive effect of obtaining health knowledge on the insurance. In the case of urban employees' medical insurance, the probability of participating in the insurance is the highest in the three enterprises; only primary schools, colleges, universities, colleges, colleges, colleges, colleges, colleges, universities, colleges, colleges, universities, colleges and universities, The influence of college students is positive, the effect of income is not much less than 3,000 yuan. In addition, different factors are in the northeast, east, middle, and so on. The influence of household registration type is the first in the northeast and central regions, and marriage status has a significant impact on the participation of insurance in the northeast and western regions. The duration of the inflow only has a significant impact on the western region. However, the impact on the Northeast region is only higher in terms of the probability of participating in insurance in cross-county areas. In the east, middle, and northeast regions, only the foreign-funded enterprises are significant in comparison with the reference variables. The education level is significant. The scope of mobility and the acquisition of health knowledge in the floating areas have a significant positive impact on all four regions. From the conclusions drawn from the above study, it is necessary to strengthen the enthusiasm of the floating population to participate in insurance. To improve the coverage and security level of all kinds of medical insurance to the floating population, this paper holds that, We should further improve the medical insurance system of floating population and strengthen the citizen's welfare consciousness, that is, to break the restriction of household registration system, to solve the needs of participating insurance by stratification and to reduce the regional difference. Pay attention to the social status of floating population and protect their rights, strengthen education and training, popularize health knowledge, and create a fair social environment for floating population.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F842.684

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