我国财险业巨灾风险承保能力研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 00:31

本文选题：巨灾风险　切入点：承保能力　出处：《厦门大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国作为世界上自然灾害最为严重的国家之一,长期以来一直遭受着各类巨灾风险带来的巨大损失。自上世纪九十年代以来,中国因为巨灾造成的直接经济损失呈逐渐上升趋势。据民政部统计资料显示,近十年来,中国每年因自然灾害造成的直接经济损失都在千亿元以上,常年受灾人口达两亿多人次。中国巨灾风险所造成的经济损失整体上呈上升趋势,这也与全球巨灾风险的经济损失一致。然而,中国的巨灾保险却远远落后于保险业相对成熟的国家和地区,同时也与中国的经济发展现状以及巨灾保险需求难以匹配。国际上巨灾保险对灾害损失的补偿达到百分之三十至百分之四十,但我国这一比例不到百分之一,其中汶川大地震时的保险赔付占比仅百分之零点二。如果建立了巨灾风险分散机制,将大大减轻政府和财政的负担,并使巨灾损失得到较好的补偿。我国的巨灾保险制度已处于起步阶段,2013年12月30日,《深圳市巨灾保险方案》经深圳市政府常务会议审议并原则通过,巨灾保险制度在深圳率先建立。试点工作也随之在云南和深圳两地继续展开,巨灾保险制度的后续发展方向依然在探索之中,因此,对我国财险业对巨灾风险的承保能力加以探讨,并以此为依据,探讨如何在采取措施提高财险业自身承保能力的同时,也利用财险业之外的资源来为巨灾风险提供保障,便显得格外有意义。除导论外,本文由四部分组成。第一部分介绍了承保能力度量的相关经济学理论和承保能力度量模型,为第二部分的实证分析提供理论基础。第二部分通过理论模型以及我国财险业的相关数据从几个方面对我国财险业的承保能力进行了度量,通过分析得出了我国财险业承保能力不足的结论,同时还对我国财险业应对不同规模巨灾损失时的承保能力,并得出我国财险业应对巨灾风险时存在较大的承保能力缺口的结论。第三部分则通过定性分析和定量分析两个方面探讨了影响财险业承保能力的众多因素。第四部分则在前文中所得到结论的基础上为增加我国财险业对巨灾风险的承保能力提供了建立巨灾风险分散机制的发展设想,分别从政府部门、财险公司、再保险市场和资本市场四个角色阐述了巨灾风险分散机制的构建方案。
[Abstract]:As one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world, China has been suffering huge losses from all kinds of catastrophe risks for a long time. Since -10s, The direct economic losses caused by catastrophic disasters in China are gradually on the rise. According to statistics from the Ministry of Civil Affairs, in the past decade, the direct economic losses caused by natural disasters in China have been more than 100 billion yuan each year. The number of people affected by disasters all year round amounted to more than 200 million. The economic losses caused by the catastrophe risk in China are on the rise, which is consistent with the economic loss of the global catastrophe risk. However, the catastrophe insurance in China lags far behind the countries and regions where the insurance industry is relatively mature. At the same time, it is difficult to match China's economic development and the demand for catastrophe insurance. In the world, catastrophe insurance compensates for disaster losses by 30% to 40%, but the proportion in China is less than 1%. The proportion of insurance indemnity in Wenchuan earthquake is only 0.2%. If the mechanism of catastrophe risk dispersion is established, the burden of government and finance will be greatly reduced, and the catastrophe loss will be compensated better. China's catastrophe insurance system is in its infancy. On December 30th 2013, the "catastrophe Insurance Scheme of Shenzhen" was examined and approved in principle by the executive meeting of the Shenzhen Municipal Government. The catastrophe insurance system was first established in Shenzhen. The pilot work continued in Yunnan and Shenzhen, and the follow-up development direction of the catastrophe insurance system is still under exploration. Therefore, This paper probes into the ability of the property insurance industry to underwrite catastrophe risk, and on the basis of this, discusses how to take measures to improve the underwriting capacity of the property insurance industry, and at the same time make use of the resources other than the property insurance industry to provide protection for the catastrophe risk. It is particularly meaningful. In addition to the introduction, this paper consists of four parts. The first part introduces the relevant economic theory of underwriting capacity measurement and the model of underwriting capacity measurement. The second part measures the underwriting capacity of China's property insurance industry from several aspects through theoretical model and relevant data of China's property insurance industry. The conclusion is drawn that the underwriting capacity of China's property insurance industry is insufficient, and the underwriting capacity of China's property insurance industry to deal with catastrophe losses of different scales is also discussed. It is concluded that there is a large underwriting capacity gap in China's property insurance industry in response to catastrophe risk. The third part discusses many factors affecting the insurance capacity of property insurance industry through qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. 4th. On the basis of the conclusions obtained in the previous paper, part of this paper provides the development idea of establishing the mechanism of catastrophe risk dispersion for increasing the underwriting capacity of property insurance industry to catastrophe risk in our country. From the four roles of government, property insurance company, reinsurance market and capital market, this paper expounds the construction scheme of catastrophe risk dispersal mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.65

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