双曲距离随机前沿方法研究及其在寿险公司效率评价的应用

发布时间：2018-03-22 04:26

本文选题：双曲距离随机前沿　切入点：寿险公司　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：效率研究始终是济学中的一个重要主题。对于保险公司来说,效率是其经营行为与其所拥有的资源之间的有效配置,体现了保险公司的投入产出能力,市场竞争力和综合能力的可持续发展前景。改革开放以来的一段时期是中国寿险市场迅速成长的三十年,但中国人寿保险业在这段时期内一直采用了粗放式的经营方式,只注重发展速度和规模,忽视了内部效率。随着寿险业的增长和企业的效率不断提高,整体实力不强等一系列的弊端逐渐暴露。保险市场的对外开放,中国寿险业面临着激烈的国际竞争,提升寿险行业的效率对于增加我国保险行业的综合实力和市场竞争力,实现可持续发展是非常重要的。因此,分析寿险公司在最近几年的效率情况,并找出影响效率的改进措施具有较强的实践意义。我们回顾了以往有关寿险公司技术效率研究的文献,发现有三个问题从来没有得到过关注,我们则在此篇文章中考虑到了这三点。第一,现有的文献在分析寿险公司效率时并没有考虑到其经营活动中存在着一个非期望产出——退保金。退保金是指寿险公司在经营的长期业务中,投保人因各种原因提出退保时,按照保险合同的规定支付给投保人的退保金额。退保行为会给寿险公司的经营带来很大的不良影响。因为寿险公司的业务都是中长期的,保险资金的运用也是中长期投资,如果续期保费能够按时收到,那么就可以按照既定的投资策略进行,但如果投保人退保,尤其是发生大规模集体退保时,续期保费就不能收到,从而影响公司的既定投资策略,增加了公司运营风险。所以,在寿险公司的日常经营中,都会采取一定措施极力避免退保行为的发生。第二,在分析影响效率的因素时,宏观经济一直被认为是技术效率的直接影响因素,现有的研究假设通过调整这些因素来提升效率。然而,实际上这些因素不受寿险公司的直接控制。我们认为这些宏观环境变量表现为对寿险公司的随机前沿面的直接影响,并间接影响技术效率,为此我们建立了新模型来处理这些影响技术效率的间接因素。第三,之前对于寿险公司效率的评价多数专注于整体效率的评价,把寿险公司的运营过程视为一个“黑箱”,并没有探究公司的投入是如何转化为产出的。因此无法研究内部的转化过程,更加不能针对性地提出改进意见。为了更加探究寿险公司运营每个阶段的效率,我们构建两阶段双曲距离随机前沿方法分别考虑了寿险公司的资金吸纳过程和资金利用过程效率。在本文中,利用经济学和金融学知识,并应用统计学方法、计量经济学方法和随机前沿分析软件,结合研究实际采用定性分析和定量分析方法,研究分析我国寿险公司效率现状,并提供建议和管理措施,以期提高寿险公司的技术效率值。
[Abstract]:Efficiency research has always been an important topic in economic science. For insurance companies, efficiency is the effective allocation between their business behavior and the resources they possess, which reflects the input-output ability of insurance companies. The sustainable development prospect of market competitiveness and comprehensive ability. Since the reform and opening up, the life insurance market of China has been growing rapidly for 30 years, but the life insurance industry of China has adopted extensive mode of operation in this period. With the growth of the life insurance industry and the continuous improvement of the efficiency of the enterprise, a series of disadvantages such as the lack of overall strength are gradually exposed. The insurance market is open to the outside world. China's life insurance industry is facing fierce international competition. It is very important to improve the efficiency of life insurance industry in order to increase the comprehensive strength and market competitiveness of our insurance industry and realize sustainable development. It is of great practical significance to analyze the efficiency of life insurance companies in recent years and to find out the improvement measures that affect the efficiency. We review the previous studies on the technical efficiency of life insurance companies and find that there are three problems that have never been paid attention to and we have taken these three points into account in this article. First, in analyzing the efficiency of life insurance companies, the existing literature does not take into account the existence of a non-expected output in their business activities. When the policyholder proposes to withdraw the insurance for various reasons, the amount paid to the policyholder in accordance with the provisions of the insurance contract. The act of withdrawing the insurance will have a great adverse impact on the operation of the life insurance company. Because the business of the life insurance company is medium- and long-term, The use of insurance funds is also a medium and long-term investment. If the renewal premium can be received on time, then it can be carried out in accordance with the established investment strategy. However, if the policyholder returns the insurance, especially when there is a large-scale collective withdrawal, The renewal premium cannot be received, which affects the company's established investment strategy and increases the operational risk of the company. Therefore, in the daily operation of the life insurance company, certain measures will be taken to avoid the withdrawal of the insurance. Second, when analyzing factors affecting efficiency, macroeconomics has been considered to be a direct factor in technological efficiency, and existing research hypotheses improve efficiency by adjusting these factors. However, In fact, these factors are not directly controlled by life insurance companies. Therefore, we have established a new model to deal with these indirect factors affecting technical efficiency. Third, most of the previous evaluations of the efficiency of life insurance companies focused on the evaluation of overall efficiency. The operation process of a life insurance company is regarded as a "black box", and it does not explore how the input of the company is translated into output. Therefore, it is impossible to study the internal transformation process. In order to explore the efficiency of life insurance companies at every stage of their operations, We construct a two-stage hyperbolic distance stochastic frontier method which considers the process of capital absorption and the efficiency of the process of capital utilization of life insurance companies respectively. In this paper, using the knowledge of economics and finance, and applying statistical method, econometrics method and stochastic frontier analysis software, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis are adopted in combination with the actual research. This paper studies and analyzes the present situation of the efficiency of life insurance companies in China, and provides suggestions and management measures in order to improve the technical efficiency of life insurance companies.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.3;F275

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