政策性农业保险与农业灾后救助的对比及优化建议

发布时间：2018-04-03 05:26

本文选题：自然灾害　切入点：农业保险　出处：《云南财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：农业是支撑我国国民经济建设和发展的基础产业，也是对自然环境敏感的风险弱质型产业，农业生产极易受到自然灾害的影响。我国幅员辽阔、气候环境复杂且自然灾害种类繁多、受灾强度大，，是世界上受自然灾害影响最大的国家之一。农业生产的稳定不仅关乎到我国粮食安全战略，更影响着社会的稳定。目前我国农业自然灾害发生后是以政府的灾后救助为主要补偿手段，其次便是近年来国家大力支持并发展迅速的政策性农业保险。本文通过介绍我国农业自然灾害情况和灾后损失补偿方式的现状，并对政策性农业保险与政府灾后救助这两种主要的灾后损失补偿方式进行经济学分析，并对比其补偿效果，找到现行机制的不足之处，并分别参考了发达国家与新兴市场国家的农业自然灾害灾后补偿模式，总结其他国家的成功经验并结合我国的具体国情找到可供借鉴的部分，提出有效优化当前农业自然灾害灾后补偿机制的建议。通过对比分析发现我国现行的农业自然灾害补偿方式存在着政府依赖性太高、农业保险供需不足、农险赔付率过高、政府灾后救助补偿机制不够灵活等问题。经过研究最终得出我国应该建立以农业保险为主、灾后救助为辅的多层次的农业灾害补偿制度，同时通过两种方式的有机结合促进农户投保农业保险的积极性，激励商业保险公司推出更适应市场需求的农业保险产品。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the basic industry supporting the construction and development of our national economy, and it is also a risk and weak industry sensitive to the natural environment. Agricultural production is easily affected by natural disasters.China is one of the most affected countries in the world because of its vast territory, complicated climate and environment, various kinds of natural disasters and great disaster intensity.The stability of agricultural production is not only related to the food security strategy of our country, but also affects the social stability.At present, after the occurrence of agricultural natural disasters in China, the government's post-disaster relief is the main means of compensation, followed by the rapid development of policy-oriented agricultural insurance supported by the state in recent years.This paper introduces the situation of agricultural natural disasters and the current situation of compensation methods of post-disaster losses in China, and makes an economic analysis of the two main ways of compensation for post-disaster losses, namely policy-oriented agricultural insurance and government post-disaster relief, and compares their compensation effects.Find out the shortcomings of the current mechanism, and refer to the developed countries and emerging market countries in the agricultural natural disaster compensation model, sum up the successful experiences of other countries and combined with the specific conditions of China to find the part to be used for reference.Some suggestions on how to optimize the compensation mechanism of agricultural natural disasters are put forward.Through comparative analysis, it is found that the current compensation methods of agricultural natural disasters in China are too dependent on the government, the supply and demand of agricultural insurance is insufficient, the indemnity rate of agricultural insurance is too high, and the compensation mechanism of government post-disaster relief is not flexible enough, and so on.Through the research, it is concluded that our country should establish a multi-level agricultural disaster compensation system, which is mainly based on agricultural insurance and supplemented by post-disaster relief. At the same time, through the organic combination of the two ways, we can promote the enthusiasm of farmers to take out agricultural insurance.Encourage commercial insurance companies to introduce agricultural insurance products that are more responsive to market demand.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D632.5;F842.66

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