健康风险、保险与农村家庭消费关系研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 20:37

本文选题：健康风险 + 预防性储蓄　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国农村家庭消费倾向普遍偏低现象受到越来越多学者关注。我国农村地区,农户疾病种类不断增多,医疗、卫生设施严重不足和社会医疗保障体制尚未完善的情况下,农村家庭面临着巨大的健康风险冲击,“因病致贫”的风险极大增强农户的预防性储蓄,抑制了农村家庭正常的经济开支和消费倾向。在社会关系浓厚的农村地区,以血缘、亲缘或地缘关系为纽带形成的农户社会关系网络的非正式保险和政府主导的新型农村合作医疗制度对抵御风险冲击扮演着重要角色,缓解家庭健康风险,促进家庭消费。本文以农村居民面临健康风险冲击为背景,选取健康风险作为研究角度,将健康风险、保险和农村家庭消费纳入一个整体的分析框架,探讨健康风险对家庭消费的作用机制和效应。区分了家庭成员主观健康感受状况和客观健康状况,有针对性的考察新型合作医疗和非正式保险对健康风险缓解和消费促进效应。具体研究内容、结论如下:首先,本文借助预防性储蓄理论,理论分析了健康风险冲击下家庭决策优化机制,利用CFPS 2010和2012两年期截面数据,运用稳健的OLS模型实证分析健康风险冲击对家庭消费及其结构的影响,研究表明:(1)家庭成员主观健康感受状况对家庭消费、食品消费和非食品消费影响为负效应,但不显著;(2)家庭成员中患有慢性病比例显著地降低家庭消费、食品和非食品消费,是构成是构成家庭健康风险主要部分;(3)健康风险对非食品消费的影响系数明显大于对食品消费影响系数,家庭会通过减少非食品消费来平滑家庭消费,以维持家庭日常必需的食品消费。其次,本文在理论分析正式保险、非正式保险缓解家庭健康风险的作用机理的基础上,利用CFPS 2010和2012两年期截面数据,运用稳健的OLS模型实证研究新型合作医疗和非正式保险的健康风险缓解和消费促进效应,研究表明:(1)新型合作医疗显著提高家庭消费、食品消费,但对非食品消费影响不显著;(2)非正式保险能显著提高家庭消费,但影响系数相对较小。非正式保险均显著降低了家庭食品和非食品消费,对非食品消费的负效应更大。再次,基于健康风险对不同消费水平家庭消费影响的异质性,本文将利用CFPS 2010和2012两年期截面数据,运用分位数回归模型实证研究不同分位处健康风险、保险对家庭消费的影响,研究表明:(1)健康风险对低分位消费家庭降低消费的影响效果更为明显。(2)正式保险对低分位消费家庭(贫困家庭)缓解风险、提高消费效果明显;非正式保险对高分位消费家庭(富裕家庭)缓解风险、提高消费效果明显。最后,根据前文结论提出相关政策建议:(1)健全农村医疗保险制度,加强政府的补贴力度,合理确定补偿内容和补偿水平,规范报销手续,增强制度对农户的吸引力;(2)引导农户非正规的健康风险应对机制的建立。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more scholars pay attention to the phenomenon of low consumption tendency of rural households in China. In the rural areas of our country, with the increasing kinds of diseases, the serious shortage of medical and health facilities and the imperfect social medical security system, rural families are facing a huge impact of health risks. The risk of poverty caused by illness greatly strengthens the precautionary savings of farmers and restrains the normal economic expenditure and consumption tendency of rural households. In the rural areas with strong social relations, the informal insurance of peasant households' social relations network formed by blood, kinship or geographical relationship and the new rural cooperative medical system led by the government play an important role in resisting the impact of risks. Ease family health risks and promote household consumption. Based on the background of rural residents facing the impact of health risk, this paper selects health risk as a research angle, and brings health risk, insurance and rural household consumption into an overall analysis framework. To explore the mechanism and effect of health risk on household consumption. The subjective health perception and objective health status of family members are distinguished and the effects of new cooperative medical care and informal insurance on health risk mitigation and consumption promotion are investigated. The specific research contents and conclusions are as follows: firstly, by means of the precautionary savings theory, this paper analyzes the optimization mechanism of family decision-making under the impact of health risk, and makes use of the CFPS 2010 and 2012 biennial cross-section data. Using a robust OLS model, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of health risk shock on household consumption and its structure. The results show that the subjective health perception of family members has negative effects on household consumption, food consumption and non-food consumption. But the proportion of family members with chronic diseases significantly reduced household consumption, food consumption and non-food consumption. The impact coefficient of health risk on non-food consumption is obviously greater than that on food consumption. Families will smooth household consumption by reducing non-food consumption. To maintain the household daily necessities of food consumption. Secondly, based on the theoretical analysis of the mechanism of formal and informal insurance to mitigate family health risks, this paper makes use of CFPS 2010 and 2012 biennial cross-sectional data. Using the robust OLS model, the paper empirically studies the health risk mitigation and consumption promotion effects of the new cooperative medical system and informal insurance. The results show that the new cooperative medical system can significantly increase household consumption and food consumption. However, the influence of informal insurance on non-food consumption is not significant. Informal insurance can significantly increase household consumption, but the influence coefficient is relatively small. Informal insurance significantly reduced household and non-food consumption, and the negative effect on non-food consumption was greater. Thirdly, based on the heterogeneity of health risk on household consumption at different consumption levels, this paper will use the cross-section data of CFPS 2010 and 2012 to empirically study health risk in different quantiles by using quantile regression model. The influence of insurance on household consumption, the study shows that health risk has more obvious effect on low quantile consumer family to reduce consumption. (2) formal insurance can mitigate risk and improve consumption effect of low quartile consumer family (poor family); Informal insurance can mitigate the risk and improve the consumption effect of high-score consumer (rich family). Finally, according to the above conclusions, we put forward relevant policy recommendations: 1) improve the rural medical insurance system, strengthen the government's subsidy efforts, reasonably determine the content and level of compensation, and standardize the reimbursement procedures. To strengthen the attraction of the system to farmers and guide the establishment of informal health risk coping mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8;F842.6

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