中国社会养老保险制度城乡统筹的战略与路径

发布时间：2018-05-20 19:44

  本文选题：社会养老保险制度 + 城乡统筹　； 参考：《南京大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：随着工业化和城市化进程的急速推进,我国城乡二元分割状态下的非对称性养老保险制度安排不仅与“城乡统筹”的时代要求不相适应,而且还与“公平、普惠、共享”的社会保障目标严重背离,制度发展已陷入“新老问题交织、内外矛盾重重”的交困境地,城乡社会养老保险制度统筹协调发展已刻不容缓。基于此,本文从城乡社会养老保险制度发展的时空境遇入手,参照国外经验并结合本土实践,就我国社会养老保险城乡统筹的制度模式和推进步骤展开了深入研究。本文的写作架构共设7章,按以下逻辑依次展开：第一章导论主要介绍了此项选题的背景、缘由和研究意义,整理并评述了国内外关于此议题已有的研究成果,勾勒出本文的研究思路、整体框架以及运用的主要研究方法、论文可能的创新与不足等,并提出本文的基本观点：社会养老保险制度城乡统筹势在必行,但制度设计和统筹进程不能脱离特定的时空环境而盲目推进,合理的战略选择和有序的实施路径将加速制度统筹目标的实现。在第二章中,界定了社会养老保险制度城乡统筹的核心概念,并从系统论、公共产品理论、公平效率理论和社会时空观等理论角度说明社会养老保险城乡统筹需要以整体的视角、发展的眼光和系统的思维,由政府主导设计公平与效率兼顾的统筹制度模式,实现统筹制度在时间上的有序推进和空间上的合理布局,以加快城乡一体化进程。第三章和第四章为经验研究,从制度变迁的视角,对我国城乡二元社会养老保险制度的发展历史和运行现状进行纵向梳理和横向比较,并阐释了不同时期下制度发展的时空特征、政策理念嬗变以及建设轨迹,揭示出我国城乡社会养老保险制度非均衡发展的历史原因,进一步厘清了城乡社会养老保险制度统筹发展的内部障碍与外部制约,只有对制度发展所处的时空境遇做全面客观的研判,对阻碍城乡统筹的制度本身问题进行有针对性的剖析,设计出来的制度统筹方案和推进步骤才能更具合理性和可行性。当然,西方发达国家养老保险一体化发展的制度模式和政策实践过程对我国社会养老保险城乡统筹有着重要的经验启示和借鉴意义,因此,在第五章中选取与我国养老保险发展有着相似宏观境遇的日本和欧盟做横向比较,从日本“全民皆年金”制度建立的时机选择和欧盟养老保险区域一体化的空间整合两方面来启示我国：在推进城乡社会养老保险制度统筹发展过程中,必须充分考虑到制度内外的阻碍因素和制约条件,采取分布推进、区域协调的整合战略,合理设计社会养老保险城乡统筹的制度模式和时空演进步骤。第六章和第七章为本文的关键章节,是对前述问题的总体性回应。第六章主要从经济、社会、政治等方面论证了推进社会养老保险城乡统筹的必要性和已具备的条件,认为我国已经整体进入城乡社会养老保险制度统筹发展的推进期,需要从宏观、整体的角度合理定位制度统筹的战略目标和推进策略,并在推进社会养老保险城乡统筹的原则、主导逻辑、目标分段定位、改革顶层设计和重点突破等方面来探讨如何从时间、空间和制度三维一体来实现社会养老保险制度城乡统筹的方案和步骤。在第七章中,进一步细化了社会养老保险城乡统筹的实施路径问题,并从宏观、中观和微观三个层面合理设定统筹时机和有序规划推进布局。第一,在制度统筹的推进时间上要实行动态渐进、分段到位的推进策略。统筹进程既要遵循国外发达国家养老保险制度城乡一体化推进的一般规律,又要与二元户籍制度、土地产权制度、财政体制等相关经济社会制度改革相容共进、协调配合和互为保障,同时还需要设定以五年为一个周期、分三步渐进统筹的实施步骤,先易后难、以点带面、循序渐进地推进城乡社会养老保险制度的“体系整合”、“统筹并轨”和“待遇均等”,分阶段、分区域、分步骤地完成社会养老保险制度从“城乡分立——城乡整合——城乡衔接——城乡统筹——城乡一体化”的过渡。第二,在制度统筹的推进空间上要实行分区统筹、层层递进的推进策略。我国各省份工业化进程的巨大落差和各区域城乡养老保险制度发展基础的参差不齐,决定了制度统筹进程不可能实现各地的等量齐观和同步共进,需要分区、分层、分段依次推进,而且根据我国的国家制度和现行城乡养老保险制度统筹层次都正在努力实现省级统筹的现实,制度统筹推进的空间节点应定位在省级行政区划层面才有利于统筹空间效率的提高。在此基础上,根据经济、社会和人口等8项指标进行聚类分析,把我国31个省份分为三大养老保险区域,先在省级单位内部实现城乡社会养老保险制度的统筹发展,再在“同质性”较强的省份间逐步推进城乡社会养老保险制度的区域性统筹,最后达到全国性统筹。
[Abstract]:With the rapid progress of industrialization and urbanization, the asymmetric pension insurance system in the state of urban and rural division in China is not only inconsistent with the requirements of the "urban and rural co-ordination", but also deviates from the social security goal of "fair, universal and shared", and the development of the system has fallen into the "new and old problems intertwined, inside and outside". There is no delay in the coordination and development of urban and rural social endowment insurance system. Based on this, this paper, starting with the space-time situation of the development of urban and rural social endowment insurance system, referring to foreign experience and combining with the local practice, has carried out a deep research on the system mode and steps of the urban and rural social endowment insurance in China. There are 7 chapters in this paper. The first chapter introduces the background, reasons and significance of this topic, collates and reviews the existing research results at home and abroad on this topic, outlines the research ideas, frame frame and the main research methods of the application, and the possible creation of the paper. The basic viewpoint of this article is that the social endowment insurance system is imperative in the urban and rural areas, but the system design and the overall planning process can not be pushed forward blindly from the specific space-time environment. The rational strategic choice and the orderly implementation path will accelerate the realization of the goal of the system overall planning. In the second chapter, the social endowment insurance is defined. The core concept of the urban and rural integration of insurance system, and from the theory of system theory, public product theory, fair efficiency theory and social space-time view, explains that the urban and rural social endowment insurance needs the overall perspective, the development vision and the systematic thinking, and the government led to the design of the overall system mode of balancing the fairness and efficiency, so as to realize the overall planning system. The third chapter and the fourth chapter are the empirical research. From the perspective of institutional change, the development history and operation status of the two yuan social endowment insurance system in urban and rural areas in China are longitudinally combed and compared, and the development of the system in different periods is explained. The temporal and spatial characteristics, the evolution of the policy concept and the construction track reveal the historical reasons for the unbalanced development of the urban and rural social endowment insurance system in our country, and further clarify the internal and external constraints of the overall development of the urban and rural social endowment insurance system, and make a comprehensive and objective study of the time and space situation in the development of the system, and the hindrance to the city. The system itself has a specific analysis of the system itself, and the design of the system plan and the steps to advance can be more reasonable and feasible. Of course, the system mode and the policy practice process of the integrated development of the old-age insurance in the western developed countries have important experience enlightenment to the urban and rural overall planning of the social endowment insurance of our country. Therefore, in the fifth chapter, the comparison of Japan and the EU which has a similar macro situation with the development of pension insurance in China is made in the fifth chapter. From the two aspects of the timing of the establishment of the "universal annuity" system and the integration of the EU endowment insurance region, we can promote the social endowment insurance system in urban and rural areas. In the process of overall development, we must fully take into account the obstacles and constraints inside and outside of the system, adopt the integration strategy of distribution promotion, regional coordination, rationally design the system mode of the urban and rural integration of social endowment insurance and the step of time and space evolution. The sixth chapter and the seventh chapter are the key chapters of this paper, which is the overall response to the problems mentioned above. The sixth chapter mainly from the economic, social, political and other aspects to demonstrate the necessity and conditions to promote the overall planning of urban and rural social endowment insurance. It is considered that China has entered the development period of the overall development of the urban and rural social endowment insurance system, and it needs the strategic goal and the promotion strategy from the macro and overall perspective. In the seventh chapter, the social endowment insurance city is further refined. In the seventh chapter, the social endowment insurance city is further refined. The implementation path of township co-ordination, and from three levels of macro, meso and microcosmic, should be set up rationally and orderly planning and advancing layout. First, the dynamic and progressive strategy should be carried out in the promotion time of the system as a whole, and the integrated process should follow both the urban and rural integration of the national endowment insurance system of foreign countries. The general rule should be compatible with the two yuan household registration system, the land property right system, the financial system and other related economic and social system reform, coordinated coordination and mutual guarantee. At the same time, it also needs to set the implementation steps of five years as a cycle and the gradual overall planning of three steps. It is easy to be difficult to follow and promote the urban and rural social endowment insurance step by step. The "system integration" of the insurance system, "overall integration" and "equal treatment", stages, sub regions and steps to complete the social endowment insurance system from "urban and rural separation - urban and rural integration - urban-rural integration - urban and rural integration - urban and rural integration". Second, the implementation of the system to co-ordinate the space to carry out the zoning of the space The big drop in the process of industrialization and the uneven development foundation of the urban and rural endowment insurance system in various provinces in our provinces determine that the process of system co-ordination cannot achieve the equal and synchronous progress in all regions, and it needs to be divided, stratified and subdivided in order, and according to the national system and current of our country. On the basis of the 8 indexes of economy, society and population, 31 provinces in China are divided into three major provinces. The endowment insurance region, first in the provincial units to realize the overall development of urban and rural social endowment insurance system, and in the "homogeneity" between the strong provinces and gradually promote the urban and rural social endowment insurance system in the regional co-ordination, and finally to national overall planning.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F842.67
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本文编号：1915982