全面二孩政策背景下上海城镇生育保险制度改革研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 02:38

本文选题：全面二孩政策 + 上海　；参考：《东华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生育是人类繁衍生息和劳动力再生产的过程。社会不断进步,人口结构也在不断变化,而生育政策也随之变革。生育保险制度是国家在立法的基础上,为由于怀孕和分娩而造成劳动暂时中断的妇女提供产假、医疗服务以及生育津贴的社会保险制度。它与每个时期的国家生育政策有紧密的联系。去年年初国家颁布了全面二孩的生育新政,但是它的落实却是困难重重。由于现行的生育保险制度制定于计划生育时期,且在多年的制度运行中暴露了许多问题。所以当前的生育保险制度已经远远不能满足全面二孩政策落实的需要。我国生育保险制度和生育政策不配套的情况不仅使得全面二孩政策的落实成为纸上谈兵。同时全面二孩政策的实施又使现有生育保险制度中存在的问题更加凸显。生育保险制度改革是解决这一矛盾的有效手段,也是时代的要求。全面二孩政策如同一把双刃剑,给现行生育保险制度带来了挑战的同时也促使了改革的契机。本文主要从公共政策分析的视角,结合2016年两会时印发的《国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要》中健全医保体系的总纲领,通过对现有上海城镇生育保险制度中存在问题的分析,借鉴国内外生育保险经验,提出在全面二孩背景下上海城镇生育保险制度改革的思路。通过将上海城镇生育保险纳入上海城镇医疗保险的手段为主,将商业保险引入生育保险的手段为辅的多渠道改革措施,对全面二孩政策的实施起到积极的促进作用。文章一共分为七个章节。第一章主要介绍了选题的背景,研究的方法以及创新点。第二章以分析生育政策和生育保险制度的理论基础为切入点,梳理了生育保险制度和生育政策的关系。第三章从我国生育政策的变革出发,阐述了全面二孩政策的意义、实施效果以及原因分析。第四章具体分析了上海城镇生育保险制度的现状、存在的主要问题以及全面二孩政策的落实对其带来的挑战。第五章是其他城市以及国外生育制度的经验借鉴,为后一章节上海城镇生育保险制度改革提供思路。第六章提出上海城镇生育保险制度改革的具体思路和建议。第七章是本文的结论,即在当前全面二孩的新政策背景下,需要对上海城镇生育保险制度实施改革。希望通过上海城镇生育保险纳入上海城镇医疗保险的手段为主,将商业保险引入生育保险的手段为辅的多渠道改革措施,对促进全面二孩政策的落实带来积极的影响。
[Abstract]:Fertility is the process of human reproduction and labor reproduction. Society continues to progress, the demographic structure is also constantly changing, and fertility policy is also changing. Maternity insurance system is a social insurance system that provides maternity leave, medical services and maternity allowance for women whose labor is temporarily interrupted by pregnancy and childbirth on the basis of legislation. It is closely linked to national fertility policy at every stage. Early last year, the country promulgated a new comprehensive two-child birth policy, but it is difficult to implement. Because the current birth insurance system was established in the family planning period, and exposed many problems in the operation of the system for many years. So the current birth insurance system has been far from meeting the needs of the implementation of the two-child policy. The lack of matching birth insurance system and birth policy not only makes the implementation of the two-child policy on paper. At the same time, the implementation of the two-child policy makes the existing birth insurance system more prominent. The reform of birth insurance system is an effective means to solve this contradiction, and it is also the requirement of the times. The two-child policy, like a double-edged sword, not only challenges the current birth insurance system, but also promotes the opportunity of reform. This paper, from the perspective of public policy analysis, combines the outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, which was issued by the two sessions in 2016, to improve the health care system. Based on the analysis of the existing problems in Shanghai's urban maternity insurance system and the experience of birth insurance at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the idea of reforming Shanghai's urban maternity insurance system under the background of comprehensive second-child. By means of bringing Shanghai urban maternity insurance into Shanghai urban medical insurance, and commercial insurance into birth insurance as supplementary means, the reform measures of multi-channel play a positive role in promoting the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy. The article is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the background, research methods and innovation. The second chapter analyzes the theoretical basis of birth policy and birth insurance system, combing the relationship between birth insurance system and birth policy. The third chapter expounds the significance, the effect and the reason of the two-child policy from the reform of our country's fertility policy. The fourth chapter analyzes the status quo of Shanghai's urban maternity insurance system, the main problems and the challenges brought by the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy. The fifth chapter is the experience of other cities and foreign fertility system, which provides ideas for the reform of Shanghai urban birth insurance system. The sixth chapter puts forward the specific ideas and suggestions of the reform of Shanghai urban birth insurance system. The seventh chapter is the conclusion of this paper, that is, under the background of the new policy of comprehensive two-child, it is necessary to carry out the reform of the urban maternity insurance system in Shanghai. It is hoped that the multi-channel reform measures of introducing commercial insurance into the means of birth insurance through the means of bringing the urban birth insurance into the Shanghai urban medical insurance will have a positive impact on the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F842.617

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