城镇职工养老保险中的公平性分析
发布时间：2018-08-23 11:51
【摘要】：老龄化是21世纪全世界共同面临的人口方面的严峻挑战，所以它引发了整个国家的严重的经济与社会的问题。最直接的受它影响的养老保险也越来越受到政府、学者及百姓们的关注。养老保险是一项由政府主导的，并由国家强制性保障实施的，用以维持劳动者退休后的基本生活的一项经济性福利政策。养老保险关系到所有劳动者的切身利益。十七届五中全会提出“健全覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系，国民收入再分配将更加注重公平”。十八届三中全会通过的《若干重大问题的决定》里面的关于民生方面的社会保障的“建立更加公平可持续的社会保障制度”。这说明国家政府已经开始重新重视养老保险的公平问题，并已经开始了提升公平性的积极的改革探索。 所以笔者试图从公平这一视角出发，分析这一阶段城镇职工的养老保险。对目前职工养老保险的公平状况加以认识，并且能够为今后我国养老保险的改革提供借鉴和参考的目的。本文采用文献研究法、比较分析法对我国城镇职工养老保险中的公平性进行了分析。首先对养老保险要求公平性的基础理论进行了论述。在此基础上，分析了养老保险中公平性的内涵。然后，对我国城镇职工养老保险中的不公平现状展开了详细的分析，包括不同责任主体之间的不公平性、不同地区城镇间的不公平性、不同性质单位之间的不公平性以及不同行业之间的不公平性。接着，对阻碍我国城镇职工养老保险公平性的原因进行了细致的论述，，包括制度覆盖不完整，制度碎片化的存在，地区间经济发展不平衡，相关利益主体政治地位不平等和其他配套性措施的原因。最后针对现状及原因，提出了提升我国城镇职工养老保险公平性的思路和对策。要强化社会保障的公平、共享的制度理念；建立统一责任与统一权利的缴费制度；平衡政府与企业的养老负担；提高养老保险基金统筹层次，建立共享基础平台；加速城镇职工养老金并轨，实现真正统一的社会保险；增加垄断行业保险费用征缴额，加大社会保险的再分配功能。最终构建起一个以缴费型的基本养老保险为核心的养老保险体系。
[Abstract]:Aging is a serious challenge facing the whole world in the 21st century, so it leads to the serious economic and social problems of the whole country. Pension insurance, which is most directly affected by it, has been paid more and more attention by the government, scholars and people. The old-age insurance is a kind of economic welfare policy, which is guided by the government and enforced by the state, which is used to maintain the basic life of the laborer after retirement. Endowment insurance concerns the vital interests of all workers. The Fifth Plenary session of the 17th CPC Central Committee proposed that "improving the social security system covering urban and rural residents, national income redistribution will pay more attention to equity." The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee adopted the decision on "establishing a more equitable and sustainable social security system" concerning social security for the people's livelihood. This shows that the government has begun to pay more attention to the fairness of pension insurance, and has begun to improve the fairness of the positive reform exploration. Therefore, the author tries to analyze the endowment insurance of urban workers in this stage from the perspective of fairness. This paper makes an understanding of the fair situation of the pension insurance for workers and staff at present, and can provide reference and reference for the future reform of the pension insurance in our country. This paper analyzes the equity of urban pension insurance in China by the method of literature research and comparative analysis. First of all, the basic theory of equity of pension insurance requirements is discussed. On this basis, the connotation of fairness in endowment insurance is analyzed. Then, it analyzes the unfair situation of the urban workers' endowment insurance in China, including the unfairness between different responsible subjects, the unfairness between different regions and cities. The unfairness between units of different nature and the unfairness between different industries. Then, the author makes a detailed discussion on the reasons that hinder the fairness of the old-age insurance for urban workers in China, including the incomplete coverage of the system, the existence of fragmentation of the system, and the imbalance of regional economic development. The reasons for the inequality of political status and other supporting measures of relevant stakeholders. Finally, aiming at the present situation and the reasons, the author puts forward some ideas and countermeasures to improve the equity of urban workers' endowment insurance. It is necessary to strengthen the fairness of social security and share the system concept, establish a unified responsibility and unified rights of the payment system, balance the burden of the government and enterprises, improve the overall planning level of pension insurance funds, establish a shared basic platform; It is necessary to speed up the integration of urban workers' pensions, realize a truly unified social insurance system, increase the amount of insurance fees collected in monopoly industries, and increase the redistribution function of social insurance. Finally, build up a contributory basic endowment insurance system as the core.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.67
本文编号：2199004
[Abstract]:Aging is a serious challenge facing the whole world in the 21st century, so it leads to the serious economic and social problems of the whole country. Pension insurance, which is most directly affected by it, has been paid more and more attention by the government, scholars and people. The old-age insurance is a kind of economic welfare policy, which is guided by the government and enforced by the state, which is used to maintain the basic life of the laborer after retirement. Endowment insurance concerns the vital interests of all workers. The Fifth Plenary session of the 17th CPC Central Committee proposed that "improving the social security system covering urban and rural residents, national income redistribution will pay more attention to equity." The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee adopted the decision on "establishing a more equitable and sustainable social security system" concerning social security for the people's livelihood. This shows that the government has begun to pay more attention to the fairness of pension insurance, and has begun to improve the fairness of the positive reform exploration. Therefore, the author tries to analyze the endowment insurance of urban workers in this stage from the perspective of fairness. This paper makes an understanding of the fair situation of the pension insurance for workers and staff at present, and can provide reference and reference for the future reform of the pension insurance in our country. This paper analyzes the equity of urban pension insurance in China by the method of literature research and comparative analysis. First of all, the basic theory of equity of pension insurance requirements is discussed. On this basis, the connotation of fairness in endowment insurance is analyzed. Then, it analyzes the unfair situation of the urban workers' endowment insurance in China, including the unfairness between different responsible subjects, the unfairness between different regions and cities. The unfairness between units of different nature and the unfairness between different industries. Then, the author makes a detailed discussion on the reasons that hinder the fairness of the old-age insurance for urban workers in China, including the incomplete coverage of the system, the existence of fragmentation of the system, and the imbalance of regional economic development. The reasons for the inequality of political status and other supporting measures of relevant stakeholders. Finally, aiming at the present situation and the reasons, the author puts forward some ideas and countermeasures to improve the equity of urban workers' endowment insurance. It is necessary to strengthen the fairness of social security and share the system concept, establish a unified responsibility and unified rights of the payment system, balance the burden of the government and enterprises, improve the overall planning level of pension insurance funds, establish a shared basic platform; It is necessary to speed up the integration of urban workers' pensions, realize a truly unified social insurance system, increase the amount of insurance fees collected in monopoly industries, and increase the redistribution function of social insurance. Finally, build up a contributory basic endowment insurance system as the core.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.67
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