“两险合并”背景下生育保险问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 16:05

【摘要】：研究背景及目的:生育保险和基本医疗保险之间存在着密切的联系,尤其是生育保险中的医疗费用这部分,国外一般都将生育保险作为医疗保险的一个子项目而存在。目前,为了应对老龄化及低生育率的问题,“全面”二孩政策放开,生育保险制度面临的是接乲而来的二胎生育问题,这也是一项挑战。因此,国家启动了生育保险和职工基本医疗保险合并实施试点,为两险的完全整合探索道路。两险合并,统一参保登记、统一基金征缴和管理、统一医疗服务管理、统一经办和信息服务、职工生育期间生育保险待遇不变。两险合并通过整合两项保险基金及管理资源,扩大了参保范围,强化基金共济能力,提高了生育保险基金的利用率,提升管理综合效能,降低管理运行成本。但是,我们也应该看到,生育保险制度相关的一些问题,是通过合并解决不了的,我们有必要进行深入地探讨。本文通过对这些问题的研究,试图寻找一些可行之策,为生育保险制度的完善及相关问题的解决提供对策建议。研究方法:本文主要采用文献研究方法和比较分析方法。一方面,在前期,本文运用书籍、互联网等查阅了许多资料,其中包括生育保险制度的政策、相关学者专家观点、最新的社会评论、学术期刊论文、统计资料、报告等,为论文前部分的生育保险制度问题研究做好坚实的理论支撑和资料准备。另一方面,通过对我国生育保险试点地区生育保险合并前后的情况比较,以及通过对不同国家生育保险制度的比较,找出可以借鉴的方法与经验。研究内容:本文从生育保险的理论基础入手,为下文提出我国生育保险制度相关的问题及对策作铺垫。对相关概念进行厘定,从而使读者能够更好地了解本文的中心论点。接着,文章介绍了国外生育保险制度,归纳国外可借鉴的经验。再次,介绍了我国生育保险的建立和现状。然后,对我国并入医疗保险的生育保险制度的尚存问题进行分析。最后,依据全文内容进行总结,提出建立与生育保险制度相对应的鼓励生育政策,出台相关法律保护妇女就业,强化个人责任,建立自身能够精算平衡的制度等对策与建议。创新点:本文的创新之处在于在“两险”与“两孩”的叠加背景下,在新的阶段来探讨生育保险相关的问题,对生育保险制度的进一步改革深化发展具有积极的意义。
[Abstract]:Research background and objective: there is a close relationship between birth insurance and basic medical insurance, especially in the part of medical expenses of birth insurance, which is generally regarded as a sub-item of medical insurance abroad. At present, in order to deal with the problem of aging and low fertility rate, the "comprehensive" two-child policy is liberalized, and the birth insurance system is faced with the problem of second-child birth, which is also a challenge. Therefore, the country initiated the birth insurance and the worker basic medical insurance merge to carry out the pilot, for the two insurance complete conformity explores the road. Two insurance amalgamation, unified attend to protect register, unified fund collection and management, unified medical treatment service management, unified administration and information service, worker birth insurance treatment does not change during birth. Through the integration of two insurance funds and management resources, the combination of the two insurance risks expands the scope of insurance participation, strengthens the mutual aid ability of the funds, improves the utilization rate of the fertility insurance funds, enhances the comprehensive efficiency of management, and reduces the operating cost of the management. However, we should also see that some problems related to the birth insurance system can not be solved through merger. Through the study of these problems, this paper tries to find some feasible ways to improve the birth insurance system and to solve the related problems. Research methods: this paper mainly adopts literature research method and comparative analysis method. On the one hand, in the early stage, this paper used books, the Internet and so on to consult a lot of materials, including the policy of the birth insurance system, the views of relevant scholars and experts, the latest social reviews, academic journal papers, statistics, reports, etc. For the first part of the paper the birth insurance system research to do a solid theoretical support and data preparation. On the other hand, by comparing the situation before and after the birth insurance amalgamation in China's fertility insurance pilot areas, and by comparing the birth insurance systems in different countries, we can find out the methods and experiences that can be used for reference. Research content: this paper starts with the theoretical basis of birth insurance, and paves the way for putting forward the related problems and countermeasures of our country's birth insurance system. The relevant concepts are defined so that readers can better understand the central point of this paper. Then, the article introduces the birth insurance system of foreign countries, and sums up the experience of foreign countries. Thirdly, it introduces the establishment and present situation of birth insurance in China. Then, the author analyzes the remaining problems of the birth insurance system incorporated into medical insurance in our country. Finally, based on the summary of the full text, the author puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions, such as establishing the policy of encouraging the birth insurance corresponding to the birth insurance system, introducing relevant laws to protect women's employment, strengthening personal responsibility, and establishing a system of actuarial balance. Innovation: the innovation of this paper is that under the superposition of "two risks" and "two children", it is of positive significance for the further reform and development of the birth insurance system to discuss the related problems of birth insurance in the new stage.
【学位授予单位】：广西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F842.617

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