青岛市长期护理保险影响因素研究

发布时间：2019-01-02 16:03

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国经济的迅猛发展,一系列社会问题也接踵而至:人口老龄化加剧、人口预期寿命延长、慢性病患病率逐渐提高……这些问题无一不指向老年长期护理问题,即我国存在巨大老年长期护理需求。然而,纵观当今中国社会,家庭规模小型化、社会养老机构发展不健全、商业保险发展有待完善、护理人员基本素质缺乏等问题使得长期护理供给严重不足,这种不足表现为质和量的双重不足。为解决长期护理需求与供给严重失衡的情况,在借鉴日、美等发达国家建立长期护理社会保险制度的基础上,通过实际调研的方式深入了解人们对于这项制度的接受和认可态度,找到影响长期护理保险需求的因素,进而提出相应的对策建议,为未来该制度的建立和推行提供决策依据。实际调研过程中,在对大量文献进行综述性分析的基础上编制调查问卷,以山东省青岛市作为样本地,通过社会调查和SPSS分析相结合的方式对该市居民关于长期护理保险的态度和认可度进行研究,找到影响人们对长期护理保险需求的主要因素,进而提出有针对性的对策建议,以期为该制度的建立和发展提供借鉴。首先从受访者的个人特征层面、健康层面、经济层面、意识形态层面四方面分别进行分析,意识形态层面又可以分成认知因素、观念因素、信任因素。为使研究更加简便、直接,将“长期护理保险需求”类比为经济学中的“需求”,运用需求是“意愿”和“能力”的有机结合,将长期护理保险需求类比为“参保意愿”和“参保决策”,通过分别研究多种因素对这两个变量的影响,最终得出长期护理保险需求的主要影响因素。实证分析结果表明,所构建的影响因素指标体系对长期护理保险需求的影响显著。健康因素、经济因素、保险意识、防范风险意识、保险费用分担认知、参保意识以及国家政策因素对长期护理保险的需求存在影响,其中,健康因素和经济因素对长期护理保险的影响程度最为显著,而缴费方式、保险公司经营状况和个体特征因素对长期护理保险的需求没有显著影响。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, a series of social problems have followed: the aging of the population, the prolongation of life expectancy, and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases. All these problems point to the problem of long-term care for the elderly, that is, there is a huge demand for long-term care for the elderly in China. However, the problems of miniaturization of family size, imperfect development of social pension institutions, development of commercial insurance and lack of basic quality of nursing staff make long-term nursing supply seriously insufficient. This deficiency is manifested in the double deficiency of quality and quantity. In order to solve the serious imbalance between the demand and supply of long-term nursing care, based on the establishment of long-term care social insurance system in developed countries such as Japan and the United States, Through the way of actual investigation, we can deeply understand the acceptance and approbation attitude of people to this system, find out the factors that affect the demand of long-term care insurance, and then put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, and provide the decision basis for the establishment and implementation of the system in the future. In the process of actual investigation, based on the comprehensive analysis of a large number of documents, the questionnaire was compiled, and Qingdao City, Shandong Province, was taken as a sample. Through the combination of social investigation and SPSS analysis, this paper studies the attitude and recognition of the residents on long-term care insurance in the city, finds out the main factors that affect people's demand for long-term care insurance, and then puts forward some targeted countermeasures and suggestions. In order to provide reference for the establishment and development of the system. First of all, we analyze the interviewees from the aspects of personal characteristics, health, economy and ideology, which can be divided into cognitive factors, conceptual factors and trust factors. In order to make the research easier and more direct, the "long-term care insurance demand" is compared to the "need" in economics, and the application of demand is an organic combination of "will" and "ability". This paper compares the demand of long-term care insurance with that of "willingness to participate in insurance" and "policy of participating in insurance". By studying the influence of many factors on these two variables, the main influencing factors of demand for long-term care insurance are obtained. The results of empirical analysis show that the impact of the established indicator system on long-term care insurance demand is significant. Health factors, economic factors, insurance awareness, awareness of risk prevention, awareness of insurance cost sharing, participation awareness and national policy factors have an impact on the demand for long-term care insurance, among which, Health factors and economic factors had the most significant influence on the long-term care insurance, but the way of payment, the operating status of insurance companies and the individual characteristics had no significant influence on the demand for long-term care insurance.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F842.6

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