人口老龄化背景下我国医疗保险制度改革的对策研究

发布时间：2019-01-17 17:24

【摘要】：我国的人口老龄化已是不争的事实，并且我国的人口老龄化特点是具有普遍性、严重性和特殊性的。人口的不断老龄化势必增加医疗费用，因此，人口老龄化与医疗体制改革之间关系的研究迫在眉睫。考察年龄结构的变化与医疗体制改革之间的关系是一种更深层次的研究，它会使我们能够更准确的把握人口年龄结构变动和医疗保险制度的关系。探讨二者之间的关系对于完善我国医疗保险制度具有非常重要的意义，在制定相关政策时，必须要考虑到我国人口老龄化的客观事实。只有这样，才能实现我国社会的全面、协调、可持续发展，才能创建稳定、和谐的社会。本文主要分四部分：第一部分包括第一章和第二章，，主要分析本文的研究背景、国内外文献综述以及我国目前人口老龄化的结构特点和形成原因；第二部分包括第三章，首先简单介绍我国的医疗保障制度发展的历程，取得的效果和存在的不足，然后通过数据分析，运用协整检验的方法研究人口老龄化与医疗保障制度之间存在的内在关系，并得出一定的结论；第三部分包括第四章，主要借鉴西方主要发达国家医疗保障制度改革过程的经验，为我国的医疗保障制度改革提供借鉴，第四部分为第五章和第六章，提出政策建议，并展望我国未来的医疗保障制度。本文研究的主要成果包括：第一，经ADF单位根检验，我国的人均GDP、老年人口比例和人均医疗费用支出均为非平稳变量，且单整的阶都是1；第二，经济增长（人均GDP）、人口老龄化（65岁以上老年人口所占的比例）与我国医疗费用增长（人均医疗支出）之间存在协整关系(即长期均衡关系)。我国医疗支出的收入弹性为0.67242，小于1，表明我国的医疗保健是必需品。而老年人口比例的产出弹性为2.54298，相对于经济的增长，人口老龄化对我国医疗费用的增长影响更大，因此，我国的医疗保险制度改革过程中应充分考虑人口老龄化的因素，避免不必要的改制成本。本文最后综合本研究的观点和论述，形成了结论。认为我国的医疗保障制度必须得到进一步的发展与完善，并提出了相应的对策建议，相信在全社会的共同努力下，我国的社会保障事业一定能满足社会各个阶层的需要，建立符合我国国情的社会保障制度。
[Abstract]:The aging of population in China is an indisputable fact, and the characteristics of population aging in China are universal, serious and special. The aging of population is bound to increase the medical cost, so it is urgent to study the relationship between the aging of population and the reform of medical system. It is a deeper study to investigate the relationship between the change of age structure and the reform of medical system. It will enable us to grasp the relationship between the change of age structure of population and the medical insurance system more accurately. It is very important to probe into the relationship between them for perfecting the medical insurance system of our country. When making relevant policies, we must take into account the objective facts of aging population in our country. Only in this way can we realize the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of our society and create a stable and harmonious society. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part includes the first chapter and the second chapter, mainly analyzes the research background, the domestic and foreign literature review as well as the present population aging structure characteristic and the formation reason of our country; The second part includes the third chapter. Firstly, it briefly introduces the course of the development of the medical security system in our country, the results obtained and the shortcomings, and then through the data analysis, The cointegration test is used to study the internal relationship between the aging population and the medical security system, and a certain conclusion is drawn. The third part includes the fourth chapter, which mainly draws lessons from the experience of the western major developed countries in the reform process of the medical security system, and provides reference for the reform of the medical security system of our country. The fourth part is the fifth and sixth chapters, and puts forward the policy recommendations. And look forward to our future medical security system. The main results of this study are as follows: first, by ADF unit root test, the ratio of per capita GDP, elderly population and medical expenditure per capita in China are both non-stationary variables, and the order of single integration is 1; Secondly, there is a cointegration relationship between the economic growth (the proportion of aging population over 65 years of age) and the increase of medical cost (medical expenditure per capita) (that is, long-term equilibrium relationship) between economic growth (per capita GDP), population aging) and China's medical expenditure growth (per capita medical expenditure). The income elasticity of medical expenditure in China is 0.67242, less than 1, which indicates that medical care is a necessity in our country. The output elasticity of the proportion of the elderly population is 2.54298. Compared with the economic growth, the aging of the population has a greater impact on the increase of medical expenses in China. Therefore, the factors of population aging should be fully taken into account in the process of the reform of the medical insurance system in China. Avoid unnecessary restructuring costs. At the end of this paper, a conclusion is reached by synthesizing the viewpoints and exposition of this study. It is believed that the medical security system of our country must be further developed and perfected, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. It is believed that with the joint efforts of the whole society, the social security undertaking of our country will certainly meet the needs of all social strata. To establish a social security system in line with China's national conditions.
【学位授予单位】：山东财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F842.684

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