黑龙江省拜泉县农村养老保障问题研究
发布时间：2019-03-13 13:08
【摘要】：2011年,我国进行了第六次全国人口普查,从普查数据中得知,我国的60岁及65岁以上老年人口占我国总人口的比例分别达到了13.26%和8.87%。与2006年全国的第五次人口普查数据相比较,分别上升了2.93和1.91个百分点。由此可见,我国的人口老龄化发展程度呈现出了逐步上涨的趋势,且这种趋势逐步加强。与此同时根据相关专家的预测,截止到21世纪20年代末,我国农村中65岁及65岁以上的老年人口的比例将会达到15.6%,相比农村而言,城市则将达到9.0%；但是更为严重的是,到了2050年,这个数字农村将会增长为32.7%,城市将会增长为21.2%。显而易见,在我国,农村与城市相比较,农村将比城市面临着更大更具强度的社会养老压力。显然,农村是解决我国人口老龄化问题即养老问题的关键地方。黑龙江省作为我国的人口大省,农村与城市比较而言,农村老年人口基数大,老龄化速度发展快,老年人口数量增长快,为此老龄化带来的养老问题显得尤为突出。改革开放以来,经过儿十年的探索,我国乃至我省先后建立起了日益完善的城镇居民养老保障制度,并于2009年开始,在黑龙江省开始试点推行新型农村养老保障制度。即便如此农村养老保障问题并未从根本上加以解决,尤其在已有的传统家庭养老功能日益弱化的今天,仍有很大一部分农村老年人徘徊在养老资源保障制度的边缘之外。由以上所述可以得出,真正解决农村老年人口的养老问题也就成为了当前社会一个非常重要的理论和实践面临的新课题。 本文选取黑龙江省拜泉县为具体的研究对象,2011年第六次人口普查显示,黑龙江省拜泉县共有519766人,其中农村人口42万人,农村人口中60岁以上老年人口为27039人,农村养老压力显而易见。首先结合国家当前对农村养老保障的大政方针、时事政策情况和拜泉县政府对农村养老保障制度的具体实施情况提出研究目的、研究意义及研究方法,介绍了国内外在农村养老保障方面的研究动态；接着,界定了农村养老保障的相关概念,提出了农村养老保障研究的相关理论基础；通过实地走访调研、发放调查问卷等方式,得出黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市拜泉县农村现有养老模式包括家庭养老方式、社会养老方式、机构养老方式、农村商业养老保险方式四种方式。综合运用文献阅读、分析法,定量分析、定性分析等方法对黑龙江省拜泉县农村老年人的现状、农村养老保障的现状等进行了阐述；并用主成分分析方法,运用SPSS统计软件对包括拜泉县在内的黑龙江省的27个县域的农村养老保障发展情况进行横向对比分析,意在对比分析中得到拜泉县农村养老保障的发展在27个县域中处于什么样的状态和水平。分析结果表明拜泉县农村养老保障较其它县域相比在发展中处于较低水平,并对此分析结果总结出其所存在的问题。最后针对问题中涉及的拜泉县农村养老保障的各责任主体的具体职责以及如何完善地解决黑龙江省拜泉县农村养老保障问题的对策等进行了深入的剖析,试图为解决拜泉县甚至我省的农村养老保障的问题上提供现实的理论基础和实践操作经验,真正地使多种养老方式所起到的合力作用得到发挥。
[Abstract]:In 2011, the sixth national census was conducted in China, and from the survey data, the proportion of the population aged 60 and above in China accounted for 13.26% and 8.87%, respectively. Compared with the fifth national census data in 2006, 2.93 and 1.91 percentage points respectively rose. It can be seen that the development of the population aging in our country has shown the trend of the gradual increase, and this trend is gradually strengthened. At the same time, according to the forecast by the relevant experts, the proportion of the old people aged 65 and above in the rural areas of our country will reach 15.6% by the end of the 1920s, compared with the rural areas, the city will reach 9.0%; however, it is more serious that by 2050, The number of rural areas will grow to 32.7% and the city will grow by 21.2%. It is obvious that in our country, the rural areas are compared with the cities, and the rural areas will be more and more strong social pension pressure than the city. It is clear that the rural area is the key place to solve the problem of the aging of our country, that is, the old-age problem. As a large province in our country, in the rural and urban areas, the rural old population has a large population base, the aging speed is fast, the number of old people is growing fast, and the old-age problem caused by the aging is especially outstanding. Since the reform and opening-up, through the exploration of the past ten years, our country and even our province have established a perfect pension system for urban residents, and in 2009, the new rural old-age pension system was introduced in Heilongjiang province. Even so, the problem of the rural old-age security is not fundamentally solved, especially in the existing traditional family old-age function, a large part of the rural old people are still hanging out of the edge of the security system of the old-age resources. From the above, it can be concluded that the problem of the old-age for the elderly in the rural areas is a very important theory and practice of the present society. This paper selects the Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province as the specific research object. The sixth census in 2011 shows that there are 519766 people in Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province. The population of the rural population is 4.2 million. The population of the rural population aged 60 and above is 270,39, and the rural old-age pressure is obvious and easy. First of all, the research purpose, significance and research method of the country's current policy, current affairs policy and the government's specific implementation of the rural old-age security system are put forward in the light of the state's current policy, current affairs policy and the government's implementation of the rural old-age security system. In this paper, the relevant concepts of the rural old-age security are defined, and the relevant theoretical basis for the study of the rural old-age security is put forward. Through the field visit, the questionnaire and so on, the present old-age-care model in the rural areas of the Baiquan County, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, is obtained, including the family support The four parties of the formula, the social pension scheme, the institution's old-age way, the rural commercial endowment insurance mode The present situation of the rural elderly in Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province, the present situation of the rural old-age security in the rural areas of Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province are discussed in this paper. The main component is used to analyze the situation of the old people in the rural areas of Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province. By using SPSS statistical software, the development of rural old-age security in 27 counties of Heilongjiang province, including Baiquan County, is compared and analyzed, and it is intended to compare the status and water of the development of the rural old-age security in Baiquan County in 27 counties. The results of the analysis show that the rural old-age security in Baiquan county is at a low level in the development of other counties, and the analysis results are summarized in this paper. In the end, the detailed responsibility of the main body of the rural old-age security in Baiquan County, which is involved in the problem, and how to perfect the countermeasures for solving the problem of the old-age security in the rural areas of Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province, etc. In this paper, the author tries to provide a realistic theoretical foundation and practical operation experience for solving the problems of the rural old-age security in Baiquan county and even in our province, and truly make the combined effect of the various old-age ways
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.67;F323.89
本文编号：2439415
[Abstract]:In 2011, the sixth national census was conducted in China, and from the survey data, the proportion of the population aged 60 and above in China accounted for 13.26% and 8.87%, respectively. Compared with the fifth national census data in 2006, 2.93 and 1.91 percentage points respectively rose. It can be seen that the development of the population aging in our country has shown the trend of the gradual increase, and this trend is gradually strengthened. At the same time, according to the forecast by the relevant experts, the proportion of the old people aged 65 and above in the rural areas of our country will reach 15.6% by the end of the 1920s, compared with the rural areas, the city will reach 9.0%; however, it is more serious that by 2050, The number of rural areas will grow to 32.7% and the city will grow by 21.2%. It is obvious that in our country, the rural areas are compared with the cities, and the rural areas will be more and more strong social pension pressure than the city. It is clear that the rural area is the key place to solve the problem of the aging of our country, that is, the old-age problem. As a large province in our country, in the rural and urban areas, the rural old population has a large population base, the aging speed is fast, the number of old people is growing fast, and the old-age problem caused by the aging is especially outstanding. Since the reform and opening-up, through the exploration of the past ten years, our country and even our province have established a perfect pension system for urban residents, and in 2009, the new rural old-age pension system was introduced in Heilongjiang province. Even so, the problem of the rural old-age security is not fundamentally solved, especially in the existing traditional family old-age function, a large part of the rural old people are still hanging out of the edge of the security system of the old-age resources. From the above, it can be concluded that the problem of the old-age for the elderly in the rural areas is a very important theory and practice of the present society. This paper selects the Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province as the specific research object. The sixth census in 2011 shows that there are 519766 people in Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province. The population of the rural population is 4.2 million. The population of the rural population aged 60 and above is 270,39, and the rural old-age pressure is obvious and easy. First of all, the research purpose, significance and research method of the country's current policy, current affairs policy and the government's specific implementation of the rural old-age security system are put forward in the light of the state's current policy, current affairs policy and the government's implementation of the rural old-age security system. In this paper, the relevant concepts of the rural old-age security are defined, and the relevant theoretical basis for the study of the rural old-age security is put forward. Through the field visit, the questionnaire and so on, the present old-age-care model in the rural areas of the Baiquan County, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, is obtained, including the family support The four parties of the formula, the social pension scheme, the institution's old-age way, the rural commercial endowment insurance mode The present situation of the rural elderly in Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province, the present situation of the rural old-age security in the rural areas of Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province are discussed in this paper. The main component is used to analyze the situation of the old people in the rural areas of Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province. By using SPSS statistical software, the development of rural old-age security in 27 counties of Heilongjiang province, including Baiquan County, is compared and analyzed, and it is intended to compare the status and water of the development of the rural old-age security in Baiquan County in 27 counties. The results of the analysis show that the rural old-age security in Baiquan county is at a low level in the development of other counties, and the analysis results are summarized in this paper. In the end, the detailed responsibility of the main body of the rural old-age security in Baiquan County, which is involved in the problem, and how to perfect the countermeasures for solving the problem of the old-age security in the rural areas of Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province, etc. In this paper, the author tries to provide a realistic theoretical foundation and practical operation experience for solving the problems of the rural old-age security in Baiquan county and even in our province, and truly make the combined effect of the various old-age ways
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.67;F323.89
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