我国寿险业退保问题及其对策研究

发布时间：2019-06-26 16:14

【摘要】：正如存款人有“存款自愿,取款自由”的权利,投保人也有“投保自愿,退保自由”的权利。但是退保无论对保险公司还是投保人来说都会造成不小的影响。对保险人来说,会影响保险公司的资产负债结构和偿付能力,影响其预期利润,更可能带来很大的声誉风险。对投保人来说,中途退保会使其失去保险保障功能,影响投保人的长期理财规划。在2012年召开的全国保险监管工作会议上,保监会发文确定要防范的五类风险,其中最首要的便是退保风险。虽然目前退保还没有影响到寿险公司的正常经营,但是寿险公司的险种主要的是长期性险种,提高保单的持续性对于寿险公司的稳健经营起着非常重要的作用,退保率的增高会危害到公司的正常运营,因此研究退保的原因并据此给出相关的建议,对于寿险公司说来是有着一定的现实意义的。本文共分为五个部分：第一部分为导论。首先介绍了退保的含义,使得大家对退保有一个比较清晰的认识,并给出了研究的背景和意义；然后为本文的文献综述,首先介绍了国外对退保的研究现状,从计量经济学、保险经济学以及期权定价三个方面介绍了国外研究退保的现状,然后介绍了国内对退保的研究现状,主要从定性和定量两个方面进行分析；最后介绍了本文的研究思路和结构以及贡献与不足。第二部分为我国目前的退保现状的介绍。第一节介绍了退保率的概念,并给出了本文中退保率的计算方法；第二节为中国寿险行业退保现状的总体特征,我国寿险业从1983-2011年共经历了三次比较高的退保率时期；第三节介绍了中外资寿险公司的退保现状,外资寿险公司的退保现状要好于中资寿险公司；第四节为我国寿险退保的行业特征,以中国人寿、中国平安、太平洋人寿、泰康人寿以及新华人寿这五家市场占有率最高的寿险公司为研究对象。第三部分为退保带来的危害。第一节详细分析了退保给寿险公司带来危害,其主要有以下几方面,分别是影响公司资产和负债的匹配、影响公司的投资收益、使保险经营不满足大数法则的要求、失去规模效应、影响寿险产品定价、增加公司的经营成本、增加逆向选择、对寿险公司人员的稳定不理以及影响寿险公司在公众中的形象；第二节分析了退保会给客户带来的危害,其危害有三,即使客户遭受经济损失、退保后如果想再次投保可能会被拒绝、退保后使得被保险人失去了应有的保险保障；第三节分析了退保对金融系统的危害,一般性少量的退保对金融系统没有什么影响,但是退保数量增多会严重的影响到金融系统的稳定,并且以日本作为例子分析了退保对金融系统的损害。第四部分为我国寿险业退保的原因。从宏观环境、寿险市场、寿险公司、投保人四个角度对寿险公司的退保行为进行了详细分析。第一节是从宏观市场的角度来看退保,将宏观因素分为利率风险、失业率风险以及舆论风险,其中利率主要是通过替代效应影响退保,舆论风险在影响客户的退保行为方面扮演了越来越重要的作用；第二节从寿险市场角度看退保,认为寿险公司诚信缺失、保险中介诚信缺失、寿险市场竞争加剧、寿险产品的多样性增加以及保险市场的法制环境是影响客户退保的主要因素；第三节从寿险公司的角度来看待退保,认为寿险公司落后的经营理念、寿险公司的服务和信誉、寿险公司销售的产品结构以及寿险公司的分红率低是客户退保的主要因素；第四节是从投保人的角度来分析客户退保的原因,认为投保人的经济情况发生变化、投保人对于寿险产品有着过高的期望、投保人缺乏保险意识、购买保险后对保险公司的服务和产品不满意是导致投保人退保的主要原因；第五部为解决退保问题的对策建议。经过对退保原因的分析本文认为寿险公司是退保的最大利益相关方,所以解决退保问题应该从寿险公司以及整个寿险行业出发,本文给出了解决退保问题的八项对策建议,分别是转换经营理念,提高经营管理水平、提高客户服务质量、加大保险宣传、加强保险代理营销体系建设、提高保险公司资产管理水平、优化险种结构,加强产品管理、加强保险诚信体系建设、加强保险业信息化管理系统建设。本文采用了如下几种研究方法：一是文献研究法。在写作过程中最大可能的收集了国内外学者关于退保的相关文献资料以及退保的新闻,从中获取了许多重要的数据和观点作为本文的研究支撑；二是定性与定量相结合的研究方法。本文退保的原因进行了定性的描述,同时也采用了必要的统计数据来研究退保。本论文的贡献：从宏观环境、寿险行业、寿险公司以及投保人四个方面系统的详细分析了退保的原因,并且从上面的分析中知道了寿险公司和寿险行业在解决退保问题中处于一个举足轻重的地位,最后对解决退保问题提出了一些自己的看法和建议,希望可以对我国寿险业的发展做出有价值的探索。本论文的不足：1、本论文实证研究不足,较多的运用二手资料进行分析和逻辑推理,在一定程度上影响了本研究的论证力度；2、研究的深度不够,在研究中由于涉及的内容较广,对很多内容例如中外寿险业退保情况比较、退保中的信息不对称没有深入的研究下去。
[Abstract]:As the depositors have the right to "Free deposit, free withdrawal", the policy-holder also has the right to "to insure the freedom of the voluntary and withdrawal of the insurance". But it will have a great impact on both the insurance company and the policy-holder. In the case of the insurer, the asset-liability structure and the solvency of the insurance company can be affected, the expected profit of the insurer is affected, and it is more likely to bring a great reputation risk. In the case of the policy-holder, it will lose the insurance protection function and influence the long-term financial planning of the policy-holder. At the National Insurance Regulatory Work Conference, held in 2012, the CIRC sent a document to identify five types of risks to be protected, the first of which is the risk of withdrawal. Although the current withdrawal has not affected the normal operation of the life insurance company, the risk of life insurance company is the long-term risk, and the persistence of the insurance policy plays a very important role in the steady operation of the life insurance company, and the increase of the withdrawal rate will endanger the normal operation of the company. Therefore, it is of practical significance for life insurance companies to study the reasons of the withdrawal and to give relevant suggestions accordingly. The paper is divided into five parts. Sub-section: Part I In the first part, the meaning of the withdrawal is introduced, so that there is a clear understanding of the withdrawal, and the background and significance of the study are given. In the three aspects of economics, insurance economics and option pricing, the paper introduces the status quo of overseas research and withdrawal, and then introduces the status of the research on the withdrawal of insurance in China, mainly from the two aspects of qualitative and quantitative analysis, and finally introduces the thought and structure and contribution of this paper. The second part is the current withdrawal of our country In the first section, the concept of the withdrawal rate is introduced, and the calculation method of the withdrawal rate in this paper is given. The second section is the overall characteristic of the status of the withdrawal of the life insurance industry in China, and the life insurance industry of China has experienced three times higher from 1983 to 2011. The third section introduces the status quo of the withdrawal and insurance of the foreign-funded life insurance company, and the status of the foreign-funded life insurance company is better than that of the Chinese-funded life insurance company; and the fourth section is the industry characteristic of the insurance of the life insurance in China, which is based on China Life and China's safety, Pacific Life, Taikang Life and New China Life, the five life-insurance companies with the highest market share for the study object. The third part is In the first section, the harm to the life insurance company is analyzed in detail in the first section, which mainly includes the following aspects: the matching of the assets and liabilities of the Company and the investment income of the Company, so that the insurance management does not meet the requirements of the law of the large number, and the scale effect and the shadow are lost. In response to the pricing of life insurance products, the operation cost of the company is increased, the reverse selection is increased, the stability of the life insurance company personnel is ignored, and the image of the life insurance company in the public is affected; and the second section analyzes the harm caused by the return and guarantee to the customer, and the hazard is three, even if the guest If the household is subject to economic loss, if it is to be re-insured, if it is to be re-insured, the insured will lose the due safety guarantee; and the third section analyzes the damage to the financial system, and the general small amount of the withdrawal and protection to the financial system There is no effect on the system, but the increase in the amount of withdrawal will have a serious impact on the stability of the financial system, and the case of Japan as an example The damage to the financial system. Part four is divided into me The reason of the country's life insurance. From the macro-environment, the life insurance market, the life insurance company, the policy-holder four angles to the life insurance company's withdrawal The first section is from the perspective of the macro market, which divides the macro-factors into the interest rate risk, the unemployment risk and the public opinion risk. The second section, from the perspective of life insurance market, thinks that the credit of life insurance company is missing, the credit of insurance intermediary is missing, the market competition of life insurance is increased, the diversity of life insurance products is increased, and the legal environment of the insurance market is affected The third section, from the perspective of the life insurance company, regards the return of the life insurance company, and holds that the operation concept behind the life insurance company, the service and the reputation of the life insurance company, the product structure of the life insurance company and the low dividend rate of the life insurance company are low. The fourth section is to analyze the reason of the customer's withdrawal from the policy-holder's point of view, and think that the policy-holder's economic situation is changed, and the policy-holder has too high expectations for life insurance products. The policy-holder is not aware of the insurance, and the service and product dissatisfaction of the insurance company after the purchase of the insurance are caused by the investment The main cause of the grantor's withdrawal; the fifth is After the analysis of the reason of the withdrawal, the author holds that the life insurance company is the best interest-related party, so it should be taken from the life insurance company and the whole life insurance industry, and the eight countermeasures to solve the problem of withdrawal and guarantee are given in this paper. The discussion is to change the management idea, to improve the management level, to improve the quality of customer service, to increase insurance publicity, to strengthen the construction of the insurance agent marketing system, to improve the asset management level of the insurance company, to optimize the insurance structure and to strengthen the product management. Strengthen the construction of the insurance credit system and strengthen the insurance The construction of the information management system of the insurance industry is as follows: In the process of writing, it is possible to collect the relevant documents of the domestic and foreign scholars about the withdrawal and the news of the withdrawal, from which many important data and views have been obtained as the research support of this paper, and the other is the second. The study of the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The reasons for the withdrawal of this paper are described qualitatively, and at the same time, it is also used. The paper's contribution: from the macroscopic environment, the life insurance industry, the life insurance company and the policy-holder's four aspects, the reason of the withdrawal is analyzed in detail, and from the above analysis, the life insurance company and the life insurance industry are solved. It is a very important position in the question of security, and in the end, some suggestions and suggestions are put forward to solve the problem of withdrawal, and I hope that I can do it to me The development of the country's life insurance industry has made a valuable exploration. The deficiency of this paper is:1. The empirical research of this paper is not enough, more of the second-hand information is used for analysis and logical reasoning, and the demonstration of this research is affected to a certain extent. Not enough, in the research, because of the wide content of the content, to many of the content, such as the Chinese and foreign life insurance, the situation is compared, the return
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F842.62

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