中国第三产业OFDI逆向技术溢出效应研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 04:07

本文关键词：中国第三产业OFDI逆向技术溢出效应研究　出处：《外交学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国第三产业对外直接投资具有一定的技术溢出效应。进入21世纪以来，中国对外直接投资发展迅速。2013年，中国对外直接投资流量达到1078.4亿美元，较2012年增长22.8%，其中第三产业为OFDI中的主要部分，2013年中国第三产业OFDI存量达到475亿美元，占当年总存量的71.8%，第三产业主要包括了技术知识密集型行业，理论上是获得逆向技术溢出的主要渠道。但是，相对于第二产业，第三产业OFDI并未发现较为明显的逆向技术溢出。本文从第三产业OFDI的发展情况、逆向技术溢出的机理和影响因素等方面对中国第三产业OFDI的逆向技术溢出效应进行分析。首先，本文分析了中国第三产业OFDI的历史和现况，发现第三产业OFDI占总投资额的比重最大，增速稳定，投资的主体和东道国分布日益优化，但第三产业内部的各行业投资具有较大差异，技术性行业投资不足。然后，本文在前人研究OFDI逆向技术溢出的基础上，提出了技术创新和技术扩散的机理研究框架，并在此框架的基础上分析第三产业的逆向技术溢出的产生、传递和扩散作用。最后，本文在机理分析的基础上列举阐述影响中国第三产业OFDI逆向技术溢出的相关因素。结合其他学者的实证研究，主要涉及了东道国、行业和企业三个层面，除了定量因素之外还对定性的因素加以阐明。本文研究发现，随着与东道国技术差距的缩小，技术创新应逐渐成为获得技术溢出的主要方式。同时，在东道国及母国都存在不利于OFDI获得逆向技术溢出政策环境。微观层面上看，中国第三产业企业缺乏对技术强有力的吸收能力。因此，，应该从国家和企业两方面对中国第三产业OFDI环境和吸收能力进行改善和调整。国家应鼓励和引导第三产业企业进行对外直接投资，同时改善国内金融体系、监管要求及行业标准。跨国企业应保证人力与RD投入，培养创新文化增强跨国经营管控，建立内部知识流通渠道。
[Abstract]:Foreign direct investment of China's tertiary industry has a certain technology spillover effect. Since 21th century, China's foreign direct investment has developed rapidly. 2013. China's outward direct investment flows reached $107.84 billion, an increase of 22. 8% over 2012, with the tertiary sector being the main part of OFDI. In 2013, the OFDI stock of China's tertiary industry reached US $47.5 billion, accounting for 71.8% of the total stock in that year. The tertiary industry mainly includes technology-knowledge-intensive industries. In theory, it is the main channel to obtain reverse technology spillover. However, compared with the secondary industry, the tertiary industry OFDI has not found a more obvious reverse technology spillover. This paper discusses the development of OFDI in the third industry. This paper analyzes the reverse technology spillover effect of China's tertiary industry (OFDI) from the aspects of the mechanism and influencing factors of reverse technology spillover. First of all, this paper analyzes the history and current situation of China's tertiary industry OFDI, and finds that the tertiary industry OFDI accounts for the largest proportion of total investment, stable growth rate, and the distribution of the main body and host country of investment is increasingly optimized. However, the investment of different industries in the tertiary industry is quite different, and the investment in the technical industry is insufficient. Then, based on the previous research on OFDI reverse technology spillover. The mechanism research framework of technological innovation and technology diffusion is put forward, and on the basis of this framework, the generation, transmission and diffusion of reverse technology spillover in the tertiary industry are analyzed. On the basis of mechanism analysis, this paper enumerates the related factors that affect the reverse technology spillover of OFDI in China's tertiary industry. Combined with the empirical research of other scholars, it mainly involves three levels: host country, industry and enterprise. Besides quantitative factors, qualitative factors are also clarified. This paper finds that with the narrowing of the technology gap with the host country, technological innovation should gradually become the main way to obtain technology spillover. In the host country and home country, there is an adverse policy environment for OFDI to obtain reverse technology spillover. At the micro level, Chinese tertiary industry enterprises lack the strong absorptive capacity of technology. China's tertiary industry OFDI environment and absorptive capacity should be improved and adjusted from both national and enterprise aspects, and the state should encourage and guide tertiary industry enterprises to make foreign direct investment. At the same time, improve the domestic financial system, regulatory requirements and industry standards. Multinational enterprises should ensure manpower and R D input, foster an innovative culture to enhance transnational management and control, and establish internal knowledge circulation channels.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F719;F832.6

【参考文献】