经济新常态背景下中国服务业就业特征与趋势研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 19:20

本文关键词：经济新常态背景下中国服务业就业特征与趋势研究　出处：《学习与探索》2015年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,服务业就业规模一直呈上升趋势,成为承接农村剩余劳动力的主力军。经济新常态下,中国服务业的就业容量、吸纳就业的能力又如何?在与国外主要国家的服务业就业特征比较分析后,研究表明:一是虽然中国服务业早已成为吸纳就业的主力军,就业弹性系数高于制造业,但是近几年服务业就业弹性系数呈下降趋势,且远低于发达国家;二是鉴于国际经验和中国服务业的发展趋势,中国服务业吸纳就业潜力仍然很大,是新增劳动就业和吸纳存量劳动力的主力军;三是简单趋势法预测的数据显示,到2020年,中国服务业就业占全社会就业比重可达45.55%,服务业新增就业岗位远大于全社会新增就业岗位。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the scale of employment service industry has been on the rise, become the main force of rural surplus labor force to undertake. Under the new economic norm, China service industry employment capacity, ability to absorb employment and how? That research in the comparative analysis of the employment characteristics and major foreign countries service industry, although Chinese: one is the service industry has become the main force of employment, the employment elasticity is higher than the manufacturing sector, but in recent years, the service industry employment elasticity coefficient decreased, and far lower than the developed countries; two is in view of the development trend of the international experience and the China service industry, Chinese service industry to absorb employment still has great potential, is the main force of new employment and absorb the stock of labor; the three is the prediction method simple trend data show that by 2020, Chinese service industry employment accounted for the proportion of employment in the whole society can reach 45.55%, the service industry added jobs It is far greater than the new jobs in the whole society.

【作者单位】：湖北经济学院;中国社会科学院财经战略研究院;中国社会科学院工业经济研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“扩大中国服务业对外开放的路径与战略研究”(14ZDA084) 中国社会科学院创新工程项目“中国服务业发展趋势与战略研究”(15CJYCX03)
【分类号】：F719;F249.2
【正文快照】： “创新驱动”和“稳增长、保就业”已成为中国经济新常态的关键词。在经济新常态背景下, 要实现这样的重大使命,服务业将要发挥越来越重要的作用。一般而言,发达国家第三产业在国民经济中均占据着主要位置,欧洲、美国、日本等发达国家的服务业占比都超过了70%。中国服务业增

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