生产性服务业与大学生就业效应及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 09:38

本文选题：生产性服务业 + 大学生　；参考：《南京工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国高校招生规模的不断扩大，大学生毕业人数逐年增高，而目前我国经济的发展情况，产业大学生吸纳能力有限，导致我国就业市场上，大学生就业难的矛盾日益突出，，并引起学者的广泛关注。目前，我国处于经济转型期，产业结构不合理是我国经济转型期的突出问题，早在20世纪中后期，发达国家产业结构开始由“工业经济”向“服务经济”转型，现在服务业成为发达国家经济发展的主导力量，服务业具有能源消耗低、环境污染小、就业容量大等特点，加快服务业发展，能够减少经济增长对资源的消耗，以及对生态环境的压力，有利于扩大就业。随着信息技术的发展和社会分工的日益深化，提供中间投入服务的生产性服务业得到发展，逐渐发展成为服务业的核心，生产性服务业行业知识、技术、信息、人才密集，鲜明地体现出知识经济的特点，，这就要求在吸纳就业人员时要考虑到从业人员的素质，该行业能吸纳大量的大学生，而我国的产业结构不合理，服务业发展滞后，尚未发挥重要作用。因此，研究生产性服务业与大学生就业之间的关系，既能给我国产业结构调整给予一定建议，又能为缓解大学生就业难的矛盾提供解决的路径。本文采用定性与定量结合的方法对生产性服务业进行分类基础上，根据相关理论，首先，对生产性服务业发展就业状况进行分析，从而说明我国生产性服务业的发展情况，然后对生产性服务业与大学生就业之间的相关性进行分析，分析二者之间是否存在关联，接着对生产性服务业各行业大学生就业的特征进行分析。通过实证分析得出结果，我国生产性服务业发展与大学生就业之间存在着显著正相关，以及我国制造业仍是吸纳大学生就业的主要行业，这说明我国产业结构处于调整阶段。最后，根据我国生产性服务业发展现状和存在的问题和行业就业特征，对大学生就业影响因素进行分析，从而为我国产业结构调整和大学生就业问题的解决提出自己的意见和建议。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of college enrollment in our country, the number of college graduates is increasing year by year. However, with the development of our economy, the ability of industrial college students to absorb students is limited, which leads to the employment market in our country. The contradiction of college students' employment difficulty is becoming more and more prominent, and the scholars pay more and more attention to it. At present, our country is in the economic transition period, and the irrational industrial structure is a prominent problem in the economic transformation period. As early as the middle and late 20th century, the industrial structure of developed countries began to transform from "industrial economy" to "service economy". Now the service industry has become the leading force in the economic development of developed countries. The service industry is characterized by low energy consumption, small environmental pollution, and large employment capacity. Speeding up the development of the service industry can reduce the consumption of resources by economic growth. And the pressure on the ecological environment, conducive to expanding employment. With the development of information technology and the deepening of social division of labor, the producer service industry, which provides intermediate input services, has developed into the core of the service industry. It clearly reflects the characteristics of knowledge economy, which requires that the quality of employees should be taken into account when absorbing employed personnel. This industry can absorb a large number of college students, but the industrial structure of our country is unreasonable, and the development of service industry lags behind. It has not yet played an important role. Therefore, the study of the relationship between producer services and employment of college students can not only give some suggestions to the adjustment of industrial structure in China, but also provide a way to solve the contradiction of employment difficulties of college students. Then the correlation between producer services and employment of college students is analyzed, and then the characteristics of employment of college students in producer services are analyzed. The empirical analysis shows that there is a significant positive correlation between the development of producer services and the employment of college students, and the manufacturing industry is still the main industry to absorb the employment of college students, which indicates that the industrial structure of our country is in the stage of adjustment. Finally, according to the current situation and problems of producer services development in China and the characteristics of employment, this paper analyzes the factors affecting the employment of college students. Thus, the author puts forward his own opinions and suggestions for the adjustment of industrial structure and the solution of the employment problem of college students.
【学位授予单位】：南京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F719;G647.38

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