比较优势、可贸易性与贸易不平衡

发布时间：2019-02-13 09:07

【摘要】：世界经济不平衡是当前的一个重大问题。通过考察主要贸易顺差国和逆差国,本文发现,除石油和天然气出口国外,顺差国的制造业发展水平都明显高于世界平均水平并在制成品贸易方面具有比较优势,而逆差国的服务业水平都高于世界平均水平并在服务贸易方面具有比较优势。本文还对36个国家1996—2009年间的面板数据进行检验,分别考察了服务业相对于制造业的显示性比较优势和服务业相对于制造业的发展水平这两个主要变量,以及经济增长率等控制变量对贸易不平衡的影响。本文研究结果发现,由经济结构不同导致的比较优势的不同确实是影响贸易不平衡的主要因素,但比较优势本身并不必然会导致贸易不平衡,服务产品相对于制成品来说可贸易程度低才是导致贸易不平衡的直接原因。
[Abstract]:The imbalance of the world economy is a major problem at present. By investigating the major trade surplus countries and the deficit countries, this paper finds that the manufacturing development level of the surplus countries is obviously higher than the world average and has a comparative advantage in the trade of manufactured goods except for the export of oil and natural gas. The level of service trade in deficit countries is higher than the world average and has a comparative advantage in trade in services. This paper also examines the panel data of 36 countries from 1996 to 2009, and examines the two main variables, namely, the comparative advantage of the service industry relative to the manufacturing industry and the level of development of the service industry relative to the manufacturing industry. And economic growth rate and other control variables on the impact of trade imbalance. The results show that the difference of comparative advantage caused by different economic structure is the main factor that affects trade imbalance, but comparative advantage itself does not necessarily lead to trade imbalance. The direct cause of trade imbalance is the low tradeability of services relative to manufactured goods.
【作者单位】：复旦大学经济学院;复旦复旦大学经济学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目基金(项目批准号10JJD790019)资助
【分类号】：F742;F719;F416

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