基于SPC对Z机械公司产品质量问题的分析研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 02:23

本文关键词：基于SPC对Z机械公司产品质量问题的分析研究　出处：《内蒙古科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球经济一体化的加速，市场竞争环境也日益严峻起来，许多企业面临着国内外市场竞争的巨大压力和威胁，如何在日益激烈的市场竞争环境中占有一席之位，已成为每个企业迫切需要思考和解决的问题。为了求得生存，赢得发展，一些企业采用降低生产成本从而进一步降低产品价格的方法以获得竞争优势，即通过价格手段压倒竞争对手，但通过这种方式往往会引起价格战，造成两败俱伤，容易出现恶性的循环的局面，，不利于企业的长期发展。而另一些企业采取提高产品质量的方法，以达到质量领先的优势，在质量方面成为国内乃至世界同类产品的领先者。这是因为一方面随着人们物质水平的提高，顾客更加关注的是产品的质量及其附加特性，对质量的依赖程度远大于价格；另一方面不断出现的产品质量问题对人们造成的伤害使各国政府对产品质量的把控更加严格。基于以上要素，我国企业引用国内外先进的质量管理体系和质量控制工具对产品质量严格把关，其目的是将产品不合格品率降到最低。对产品质量进行预先控制，其中最重要也是特别行之有效地办法之一就是统计过程控制技术，即SPC。 SPC技术是国内外大型企业普遍采用的质量控制工具，应用SPC技术对生产过程监控，一方面可以事先预防废品的产生，保证产品质量；另一方面可以降低生产成本，实现价格和质量的双重竞争优势。本文的具体研究内容分为四部分。第一部分是引言，主要阐述了本文的研究背景、研究目的、研究意义、研究方法以及研究内容。第二部分是文献综述，通过对国内外相关文献的研究，本文从控制图和过程能力两个方面具体阐述SPC的国内外研究现状，为下文的实证研究做好理论准备。第三部分是实证研究，首先确定本文的研究对象为法兰产品的粗糙度，分析了影响粗糙度的理论因素，并从人、机、料、法、测、刀具六个方面分析法兰产品存在的主要问题；其次收集粗糙度数据，绘制均值-极差控制图对生产过程进行监控，发现异常波动，并分析导致异常波动的关键工序点，确定关键工艺参数范围是否合理，进一步计算过程能力指数评价生产过程的加工能力；最后针对异常原因制定改进措施。第四部分是模糊综合评价，即从经济性、过程控制水平、员工素质提高三个方面对SPC在Z公司的实施效果进行综合评判。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of global economic integration, the market competition environment is becoming increasingly severe, many enterprises are facing the enormous pressure and threat of market competition at home and abroad. How to occupy a position in the increasingly fierce market competition environment has become an urgent need for each enterprise to think and solve the problem in order to survive and win development. Some enterprises adopt the method of reducing production cost to further reduce the product price to gain the competitive advantage, that is to say, the price means overwhelms the competitor, but through this way often can cause the price war. It is easy to appear vicious cycle situation, which is not conducive to the long-term development of enterprises. Other enterprises take the method of improving product quality to achieve the advantage of leading quality. On the one hand, with the improvement of people's material level, customers pay more attention to the quality of products and their additional characteristics. Reliance on quality is much greater than price; On the other hand, the harm to people caused by the continuous problems of product quality makes the control of product quality more strict by governments. Based on the above elements. Chinese enterprises use advanced quality management system and quality control tools at home and abroad to strictly check the quality of products, the purpose of which is to reduce the rate of nonconforming products to the lowest, and to control the quality of products in advance. One of the most important and effective methods is the statistical process control (SPC) technology. SPC technology is a widely used quality control tool in large enterprises at home and abroad. The application of SPC technology to monitor the production process can, on the one hand, prevent the production of waste products in advance and ensure the quality of products. On the other hand, it can reduce the production cost and realize the double competitive advantage of price and quality. The content of this paper is divided into four parts. The first part is the introduction, mainly describes the research background, research purposes, research significance, research methods and research content. The second part is a literature review. Through the domestic and foreign related literature research, this article from the control chart and the process ability two aspects concrete elaboration SPC domestic and foreign research present situation, makes the theoretical preparation for the following empirical research. The third part is the empirical research. Firstly, the research object of this paper is the roughness of flange products, and the theoretical factors affecting the roughness are analyzed, and the main problems of flange products are analyzed from human, machine, material, method, measuring and cutting tools. Secondly, the roughness data is collected, the mean value range control chart is drawn to monitor the production process, the abnormal fluctuations are found, and the key process points leading to abnormal fluctuations are analyzed to determine whether the range of key process parameters is reasonable. Further calculate the process capability index to evaluate the processing capacity of the production process; The 4th part is fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, that is, comprehensive evaluation of the effect of SPC in Z Company from the aspects of economy, process control level and staff quality improvement.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.4;F273.2

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