反倾销调查下中国光伏企业对欧多层游说研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 16:41

本文关键词：反倾销调查下中国光伏企业对欧多层游说研究　出处：《复旦大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2012年9月,欧盟委员会正式启动对中国光伏产品的反倾销调查。在中国政府与企业长达15个月的艰苦努力下,中欧双方最终以价格承诺的方式达成和解。在这桩贸易争端的解决过程中,中国政府无疑扮演着决定性的角色,但企业也通过各种途径,发挥了不可忽视的作用。本文将从企业的角度出发,探讨如下问题：企业如何发挥作用介入其中?游说的对象有哪些?他们怎样开展游说?他们为什么能够开展游说?在传统上,反倾销决策作为共同的贸易政策领域属于欧盟第一支柱范畴,欧盟在此范畴内具有排他性权力。但本文利用弗里茨·沙普夫提出的多层治理联合决策模式,通过对欧盟的反倾销决策机制的分析,认为是存在多层性的。某问题是否能进入政府讨论的议程,一直到这一问题的初裁,决策权都掌握在欧盟层面,但最终的裁定需要经过代表成员国意志的部长理事会以简单多数方式通过,在政策实施阶段,成员国层面则具有更为重要作用。根据欧盟反倾销基本条例中的“共同体利益原则”,反倾销措施的决策,必须全面评价包括产业利益和消费者利益在内的各方利益。依据这一原则,欧盟内部的社会组织可以在反倾销决策过程中不断施加影响。以上描述的权力分散形成了欧盟反倾销决策机制的“欧盟-成员国-社会”多层性。这决定了若要成功影响欧盟反倾销决策,必须对分享权力的各主体进行游说,从而形成了中国企业的多层游说。中国光伏企业在应对此次调查的实践中充分利用了欧盟多层治理提供的政治机会,形成了针对欧盟层次、成员国层次和社会层次的多层游说网络。其中中国企业和行业协会主要借助中国政府的庇护和支持实现了在成员国层次上的间接游说。在社会层次上,中国光伏企业积极利用产业链的相互依赖,推动并参与在欧洲设立游说联盟。此联盟通过利用欧盟相关法律规定、创造舆论压力积极对事件发展进行影响。通过中国政府与欧盟成员国的合作、光伏企业对欧盟社会层次上舆论的积极影响,欧盟层次上的主要行为体欧委会最终做出让步。中国光伏企业的多层游说网络具有的一大特征是,在发挥重要作用的欧盟和成员国层次上,中国光伏企业主要依赖间接游说。本文利用利益集团理论对此特征进行了进一步分析,认为企业和行业所掌握的资源和进入商品(Access Good)是背后的根本原因。在最后,本文对中国光伏企业在发展中存在的问题进行了反思。同时,提出了此次争端给今后更多中国企业在应对欧盟反倾销时的启示,包括注重争取本国政府的支持；改变出事后临时联合社会团体的做法,注重在欧盟内部培育长期联合盟友;学习欧美企业经验,在欧盟和欧盟成员国建立商会,加强对欧的利益表达,维护自身利益。
[Abstract]:In September 2012, the European Commission officially launched an anti-dumping investigation into photovoltaic products in China. Under the hard work of the Chinese government and enterprises for 15 months. China and Europe finally reached a settlement in the form of price commitments. The Chinese government undoubtedly played a decisive role in the settlement of the trade dispute, but companies also went through a variety of channels. This article will discuss the following questions from the angle of the enterprise: how does the enterprise play its role to intervene in it? What are the targets for lobbying? How do they lobby? Why can they lobby? Traditionally, anti-dumping decision-making as a common trade policy area belongs to the first pillar of the EU. The EU has exclusive powers in this context, but this paper analyzes the EU's anti-dumping decision-making mechanism by using the multi-level governance joint decision-making model proposed by Frietz Schapf. It is believed that there are many levels... Whether a certain issue can be on the agenda of government discussion, until the initial decision on this issue, the decision-making power lies with the European Union. However, the final decision needs to be adopted by a simple majority of the Council of Ministers, which represents the will of the member States, at the policy implementation stage. According to the "Community benefit principle" in the basic EU antidumping regulations, the decision-making of anti-dumping measures is more important. The interests of all parties, including the interests of industry and consumers, must be comprehensively evaluated... in accordance with this principle. The social organizations within the European Union can exert constant influence in the anti-dumping decision-making process. The decentralization described above forms the "EU-member society" of the EU anti-dumping decision-making mechanism. Multilayered. This determines the success of EU anti-dumping decisions. Power sharing has to be lobbied to form a multi-tiered lobby for Chinese companies. Chinese photovoltaic companies have taken full advantage of the political opportunities offered by the EU's multi-tiered governance in response to the investigation. The formation of a level targeted at the European Union. Among them, Chinese enterprises and trade associations mainly rely on the protection and support of the Chinese government to realize indirect lobbying at the member state level. Chinese photovoltaic enterprises actively take advantage of the interdependence of the industrial chain to promote and participate in the establishment of a lobbying coalition in Europe. Through the cooperation between the Chinese government and the member states of the EU, photovoltaic enterprises have a positive influence on the public opinion of the EU at the social level. The European Commission, the main actor at the EU level, eventually made concessions. A major feature of the multi-tiered lobbying network of Chinese photovoltaic companies is at the level of the EU and member States, which play an important role. Chinese photovoltaic enterprises mainly rely on indirect lobbying. This paper uses interest group theory to further analyze this feature. Think that enterprises and industries have the resources and enter the goods access good) is the root cause behind. In the end. This paper reflects on the problems existing in the development of Chinese photovoltaic enterprises. At the same time, it puts forward the enlightenment of this dispute for more Chinese enterprises to deal with EU anti-dumping in the future, including paying attention to the support of their own governments. To change the practice of temporary alliance with social groups after the accident and focus on fostering long-term alliance allies within the EU; Learn from the experience of European and American enterprises, set up chambers of commerce in the EU and EU member states, strengthen the expression of interests to Europe and safeguard their own interests.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.6;F752.02

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