从沉香到乳香——唐宋两代朝贡贸易中进口的主要香药之变迁研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 14:11

本文关键词： 唐宋朝贡贸易沉香乳香变迁　出处：《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2015年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：唐宋两代朝贡贸易中进口的主要香药在种类、数量、原产地方面都发生了重大变迁:唐代主要进口沉香,宋代主要进口乳香;唐代沉香的单次朝贡量有达450斤者,宋代乳香的单次朝贡量在1万斤以上的很多,甚至有超过10万斤的超大规模朝贡;唐代进口的沉香,其产地为南海诸国;宋代进口的乳香,其产地为阿拉伯半岛东南部和非洲索马里。其变迁原因如下:唐宋两代政府在香药朝贡贸易中的角色发生了转型,唐代政府是香药消费者的角色,宋代政府是香药专卖者或经营者的角色;宋代平民消费力量的兴起推动了乳香贸易的活跃;波斯与阿拉伯医药文化的传入,带动了乳香的消费;乳香产量的增加是乳香朝贡贸易活跃的基础;三佛齐与于阗等国对乳香的积极推销也是乳香朝贡贸易活跃的重要因素。
[Abstract]:In the tribute trade of Tang and Song dynasties, major changes have taken place in the types, quantity and origin of the main incense imports: the main imports of the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty are the main imports of frankincense; In the Tang Dynasty, the amount of single tribute to the incense reached 450jin, and the single tribute of the Song Dynasty was more than 10,000 catties, and there were even over 100,000 catties of oversized tributes. In the Tang Dynasty, the import of Shen Xiang was produced in the countries of the South China Sea; The imported frankincense in Song Dynasty was produced in the southeast of Arabian Peninsula and Somalia in Africa. The reasons for its change were as follows: the role of the Tang and Song governments in the tributary trade of incense and medicine was transformed. The government of Tang Dynasty is the role of consumer of incense medicine, and the government of Song Dynasty is the role of monopoly or operator of incense medicine. The rise of consumer power in Song Dynasty promoted the development of frankincense trade. The introduction of Persian and Arabic medical culture led to the consumption of frankincense; The increase of the yield of frankincense is the basis of the active trade in the tributary of frankincense. Three Buddha Qi and Yutian and other countries to the frankincense positive promotion is also the important factor which the frankincense tributary trade is active.
【作者单位】：西南大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“唐宋香药进口贸易比较研究”(11YJC770066),项目负责人:温翠芳国家社会科学基金青年项目“外来香药对中国中古社会影响研究”(13CZS069),项目负责人:温翠芳
【分类号】：F429;F752.9;K242;K244
【正文快照】： 唐宋两代朝贡贸易中进口的主要香药在种类、数量、原产地方面都发生了重大变迁,目前学界尚无人探讨这一问题,本文拟对此进行考察,并对变迁原因作出分析,以求教于方家。一、沉香——唐代朝贡贸易中进口的主要香药张骞通西域后,中外物质文化交流日益频繁,其中有不少贡使实际上是

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