上市汽车公司核心竞争力的分析及评价体系研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 03:04

本文选题：汽车企业 + 核心竞争力　；参考：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在工业社会,汽车产业是国民经济的支柱产业。它代表了一个国家的工业化水平,在国民经济体系中具有战略性地位。我国汽车产业经过近50年的发展已经初具规模。尤其在我国加入WTO之后,汽车产业规模不断突破,目前已成为世界汽车产销大国。我国目前一共有数十家汽车企业,其中上市公司就有21家,这些企业构成了我国汽车产业的主力。评价一家企业有多种角度,其中核心竞争力是一家企业区分于其它企业最重要的特征。然而,对于核心竞争力如何分析学界并没有统一的定论。针对我国汽车企业的核心竞争力分析目前也缺乏统一的标准。本文旨在运用科学方法构建我国汽车企业核心竞争力的评价体系,并且对其进行实证检验。以此得出对我国21家上市汽车企业的竞争力评价,并以此提出展望和建议。本文紧密围绕中国汽车企业核心竞争力评价这一主题,遵循“提出问题——文献研究——市场概述——构建指标体系——实证研究——总结展望”的研究思路,应用规范分析、实证分析、定性与定量相结合的方法进行研究。本文从理论层面提出多角度的评价框架,并运用因子分析法对指标评价理论体系进行分析与修正,丰富了汽车企业核心竞争力的指标评价体系研究。全文由以下几部分组成：前两章是第一部分。这一部分主要为了提出问题。首先,绪论中介绍本文的写作背景及意义,提出我国汽车企业核心竞争力评价问题。在第二章中通过对企业核心竞争力相关理论的文献综述,总结得出我国汽车企业核心竞争力的概念。第三章是第二部分。这一部分主要针对我国目前的汽车企业现状做描述性分析。首先,本文回顾了我国汽车产业的发展路径,按照发展路径的不同对我国汽车企业进行了分类。在此基础上,本文运用SWOT分析方法,针对不同类型的汽车企业做优劣势分析。这一部分初步对比了不同汽车企业的竞争力,并且总结出汽车产业资本密集、技术密集、知识密集的产业特征。本章的主要结论有：自主创新能力方面民营的自主品牌企业具有明显优势,得益于坚持创新的战略思想和对某个细分市场的深入钻研。企业文化方面。民营企业以其灵活的管理方式,以人为本的企业文化,凝聚员工,提高企业的生产经营效率。产品结构方面。由于民营企业在资本规模、企业规模、人才规模等方面不如合资企业,所以产品结构总体单一化,不能在多个领域同时具有竞争力,在优势领域之外的细分市场缺乏竞争力。品牌形象方面。由于我国自主品牌汽车企业的发展路径是以低成本战略开始的,其造成的产品质量不高对品牌形象造成了比较严重的影响。自主品牌企业未来需要在提升汽车产品质量、完善售后服务体系的基础上,大力建设品牌,形成良好的品质口碑和品牌形象。第四章是第三部分,也是全文的主体部分。这一章将从理论层面构建汽车企业核心竞争力评价体系。本章首先介绍了研究产业竞争力的波特钻石模型,在借鉴波特钻石模型的基础上,对汽车企业核心竞争力进行多维度的理论探究。第一个维度是市场环境,包括市场需求和市场供给两方面。研究市场需求时,本文着重从人均收入水平、汽车价格、替代品、互补品四个角度对需求进行分析,对于市场供给,着重分析现有新能源汽车的产销情况；第二个维度是生产要素。本文主要从产业链要素、资本要素和人力资源要素三个方面进行分析,其中产业链分析分为上下游两部分,资本要素分析主要侧重汽车企业的资本密集型这一特征以及资本对企业形成核心竞争力的作用,人力资源要素分析侧重分析人力资源和企业产出增长之间的关系；第三个维度是企业经营,企业经营着重考察其生产运作管理能力,即经营效率,以及股权结构对企业竞争力的影响；第四个维度是政府政策,政府政策通过财政政策和产业政策对相关企业进行政策干预,从而影响企业竞争力；最后一个维度是技术进步,本文认为我国汽车企业的技术进步兼具外生与内生两方面,对企业竞争力形成竞争力有巨大推动作用。五个维度不是彼此独立的单一变量,而是互相作用,互相影响,共同构成汽车企业核心竞争力。第五章是第四部分,即实证部分。本文首先根据我国21家上市汽车企业的特点,结合前文SWOT分析的结果,运用第四章构建的核心竞争力评价理论体系,有针对性地构建一系列评价我国汽车企业核心竞争力的指标。指标体系分为三个层次。其中一二级指标沿用第四章所总结的评价理论体系,三级指标对二级指标进行定量细化。然后,运用因子分析法对以上评价体系进行实证分析。结果显示,除个别指标外,因子分层的结果与理论推演相符合。在此基础上,根据因子评分,本文得出各企业的核心竞争力要素。第六章是最后一部分,这一章对全文结论进行总结,并在此基础上提出对我国汽车企业的未来展望。
[Abstract]:In the industrial society, the automobile industry is the pillar industry of the national economy. It represents the industrial level of a country and has a strategic position in the national economic system. After nearly 50 years of development, China's auto industry has begun to take shape. Especially after China's entry into the WTO, the scale of automobile industry has been breaking through, and now it has become a world car. There are dozens of automobile companies in China. Among them, there are 21 listed companies, which constitute the main force of China's automobile industry.
The core competitiveness of an enterprise is the most important characteristic of a company. However, there is no unified conclusion on how to analyze the core competitiveness of the enterprise. At present, the analysis of the core competitiveness of the automobile enterprises in China is also lacking a unified standard. The purpose of this paper is to build me with a scientific method. The evaluation system of the core competitiveness of the national automobile enterprises is carried out and the empirical test is carried out to get the evaluation of the competitiveness of the 21 listed automobile enterprises in China, and the prospects and suggestions are put forward.
This paper is closely related to the theme of the evaluation of the core competitiveness of Chinese automobile enterprises, and follows the research ideas of "putting forward questions - Literature Research - Market Overview - Construction of the index system - Empirical Research - summarizing prospect", applying the method of normative analysis, empirical analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis. The multi angle evaluation framework is put forward, and the factor analysis method is used to analyze and amend the index evaluation theory system. The research on the index evaluation system of the core competitiveness of automobile enterprises is enriched. The full text is composed of the following parts:
The first two chapters are the first part. This part is mainly to raise the question. First, the introduction introduces the background and significance of this article, and puts forward the evaluation of the core competitiveness of the automobile enterprises in China. In the second chapter, the concept of the core competitiveness of the automobile enterprises in China is summed up through the literature review of the related theories of the core competitiveness of the enterprises.
The third chapter is the second part. This part mainly describes the current situation of the automobile enterprises in China. Firstly, this paper reviews the development path of China's auto industry and classifies our automobile enterprises according to the different development path. On this basis, this paper applies the SWOT analysis method to different types of automobile enterprises. This chapter compares the competitiveness of different automobile enterprises, and summarizes the characteristics of the industrial capital intensive, technology intensive and knowledge intensive industries. The main conclusions of this chapter are as follows: the independent brand enterprises with independent innovation ability have obvious advantages and benefit from the strategic ideas of insisting on innovation and the right to innovation. In the aspect of enterprise culture, the private enterprise is not as good as the joint venture in terms of capital scale, enterprise scale, talent pattern and so on, because the private enterprise is not as good as the joint venture in terms of capital scale, enterprise scale, talent pattern and so on. Simplification can not compete in many fields at the same time, and the subdivision market is not competitive at the same time. In the aspect of brand image. Since the development path of our independent brand auto enterprise is started with low cost strategy, its product quality is not high on brand image. In the future, we need to improve the quality of automobile products and improve the after-sale service system, so as to build up brand names and form good quality reputation and brand image.
The fourth chapter is the third part, and it is also the main part of the full text. This chapter will construct the evaluation system of the core competitiveness of automobile enterprises from the theoretical level. First, this chapter introduces the Potter diamond model for the study of industrial competitiveness. On the basis of Potter's diamond model, this chapter makes a multi-dimensional theoretical inquiry on the core competitiveness of automobile enterprises. The dimension is the market environment, including two aspects of market demand and market supply. In the study of market demand, this paper focuses on the analysis of the demand from four aspects: per capita income level, automobile price, substitute product and complementary product. The production and marketing of existing new energy vehicles are emphatically analyzed in the market supply; the second dimension is the production factor. Mainly from three aspects of industrial chain elements, capital elements and human resource factors, the analysis of industrial chain is divided into two parts in the upper and lower reaches. The analysis of capital factors mainly focuses on the capital intensive characteristics of the automobile enterprises and the use of capital for the formation of the core competitiveness of the enterprises. The analysis of human resource factors focuses on the analysis of human resources. The relationship between the growth of the source and the output of the enterprise; the third dimension is the enterprise management, the enterprise management focuses on its production operation management ability, that is, the operation efficiency, and the influence of the ownership structure on the competitiveness of the enterprise; the fourth dimension is the government policy, and the government policy intervened through the policy of fiscal policy and industrial policy to the related enterprises. The last dimension is technological progress. This paper thinks that the technological progress of the automobile enterprises in our country has two aspects of both exogenous and endogenous, which has great impetus to the competitiveness of enterprises. The five dimensions are not independent single variables, but interact and influence each other, and constitute the automobile enterprise together. Core competitiveness.
The fifth chapter is the fourth part, that is, the empirical part. Firstly, according to the characteristics of the 21 listed automobile enterprises in our country, combined with the results of the previous SWOT analysis, the core competitiveness evaluation theory system constructed in the fourth chapter is used to construct a series of indexes to evaluate the core competitiveness of the automobile enterprises in our country. The index system is divided into three levels. The one or two level index is followed by the evaluation theory system summarized in the fourth chapter, and the three level index is quantified to the two level index. Then, the factor analysis method is used to carry out an empirical analysis on the above evaluation system. The article draws the core competitive elements of each enterprise.
The sixth chapter is the last part. This chapter summarizes the conclusion of the paper, and on this basis, puts forward the future outlook for China's automobile enterprises.

【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F271;F426.471

【参考文献】