中国与阿根廷双边贸易竞争性和互补性研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 12:41

本文选题：中阿双边贸易　切入点：显性比较优势指数　出处：《对外经济贸易大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为世界第二大经济体,中国在世界经济舞台上扮演着非常重要的角色。阿根廷是南美第三大经济体、南方共同市场成员国,并且同中国一样是G20成员国。随着中国“走出去”的步伐逐渐加快,中国同阿根廷之间的贸易合作领域逐渐扩大,两国的贸易结合度日益加深。阿根廷丰饶的自然资源填补了中国由于经济快速增长而产生的巨大需求,而中国成熟的制造业也填补了阿根廷工业化发展相对落后的不足。中阿两国的双边贸易虽然迅速发展,但是与此同时也出现了一些阻碍。首先,中阿两国在彼此的进出口贸易中合作地位并不对等。对于阿根廷而言,中国已经成为其继巴西之后的第二大进出口贸易国。对于中国而言,虽然其对阿根廷的进出口贸易有很大发展,但是阿根廷在中国进出口国家的排名中仅徘徊中上游水平。其次,两国进出口贸易发展不均衡,阿根廷同中国的贸易逆差巨大,对阿根廷本国通胀高企、物价飞涨的经济形势无疑是雪上加霜。再次,阿根廷出于贸易保护,频频对中国发动反倾销调查,严重影响中国机电产品、化工产品和纺织品对阿出口。本文通过出口显性比较优势指数,出口相似性指数,研究两国的贸易竞争性;通过贸易互补指数和产业内贸易指数,研究两国的贸易互补性。通过分析发现,在竞争性上,中国的出口优势不是资源密集型产品,而是轻纺、机电等制造业。阿根廷的出口优势是资源密集型产品,而不是工业制成品。在两国出口主要产品中,最有可能产生竞争的是钢铁和道路车辆。从出口产品相似性来看,钢铁的产品竞争较小,而道路车辆的竞争较为激烈。从出口市场相似性来看,两国钢铁产品在北美市场存在较激烈竞争,而两国道路车辆在南美市场存在较激烈竞争。在互补性上,中国与阿根廷的双边贸易还是在要素禀赋差异基础上的产业间互补贸易为主。中国向阿根廷出口劳动密集型和资本和技术密集型产品为主;阿根廷向中国出口资源密集型的初级产品为主。中阿两国之间目前产业内贸易的发展较为迟缓。本文对中阿两国贸易发展的建议:首先,要充分利用两国贸易互补性,深化两国产业间贸易,开发中阿产业内贸易合作潜力,提高产业内的专业化分工,优化资源配置。其次,积极配合国家“产业输出计划”,促进中国产业升级和产业结构调整的同时,推动中阿产能合作;再次,敦促中国与南方共同市场国家自贸区协议的进一步洽谈。
[Abstract]:As the second largest economy in the world, China plays a very important role on the world economic stage. Argentina is the third largest economy in South America and a member of the Southern Common Market. And like China, it is a member of the G20. As the pace of China's "going out" accelerates, the area of trade cooperation between China and Argentina is gradually expanding. The integration of trade between the two countries is deepening. Argentina's abundant natural resources have filled the huge demand from China due to its rapid economic growth. And China's mature manufacturing industry has also filled the gap in Argentina's relatively backward industrialization. Although bilateral trade between China and Argentina has developed rapidly, at the same time there have also been some obstacles. First, For Argentina, China has become the second largest import and export trading country after Brazil. For China, Although its import and export trade with Argentina has developed greatly, Argentina's ranking in China's import and export countries is only at the upper and middle levels. Secondly, the development of the two countries' import and export trade is uneven, and Argentina's trade deficit with China is huge. There is no doubt that Argentina's economic situation of high inflation and soaring prices is compounded by the fact that Argentina, out of trade protection, frequently launches anti-dumping investigations against China, seriously affecting China's machinery and electrical products. This paper studies the trade competitiveness of the two countries through the export dominant comparative advantage index, export similarity index, trade complementarity index and intra-industry trade index. Through the analysis of the trade complementarity between the two countries, it is found that China's export advantage is not resource-intensive products, but light, textile, electromechanical and other manufacturing industries. Argentina's export advantage is resource-intensive products. Not manufactured goods. Of the main products exported by the two countries, the most likely ones are steel and road vehicles. Judging from the similarity of export products, steel products are less competitive. The competition of road vehicles is more intense. From the similarity of export market, there is more fierce competition in North American market for steel products between the two countries, while there is more fierce competition for road vehicles in South American market between the two countries. The bilateral trade between China and Argentina is still the complementary trade between industries based on the difference of factor endowments. China exports labor-intensive and capital-and technology-intensive products to Argentina. Argentina exports resource-intensive primary products to China. The development of intra-industry trade between China and Argentina is relatively slow. This paper suggests that the two countries should make full use of the complementary trade between the two countries. Deepen the trade between the industries of the two countries, develop the potential of intra-industry trade cooperation between China and Argentina, increase the specialized division of labor within industries, and optimize the allocation of resources. Actively cooperate with the national "industrial export plan," promote China's industrial upgrading and industrial restructuring, and promote China-Argentina capacity cooperation; and, again, urge China and Mercosur countries to further negotiate free trade zone agreements.
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F752.7;F757.83

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