河北省蔬菜出口贸易发展研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 14:09

本文选题：河北省 + 蔬菜　；参考：《河北农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：河北省蔬菜经过20多年的迅速发展,己成为河北省种植业的第一大产业,截至2013年,河北省蔬菜播种面积达122.04万公顷,总产量7902.1万吨,连续16年稳居全国蔬菜总产量第二位。同时,随着经济全球化和市场经济体制的不断完善,河北省蔬菜的出口贸易量也呈逐年上升趋势,但与河北省的蔬菜产量和内销量相比仍存在很大差距,发展出口蔬菜已成为增加河北省出口外汇和提高蔬菜质量效益水平的重要途径和突破口。因此,研究河北省蔬菜出口贸易对增加农民收入、提高出口创汇具有重要的现实意义。本文在分析河北省蔬菜供给、消费和出口贸易现状的基础上,找出其中存在的一系列问题,并通过建立贸易引力模型和显性竞争力指标体系,运用Eviews3.0计量软件和变异系数异方差赋权法,从河北省蔬菜出口国际市场的主要影响因素和出口竞争力的角度进一步深入研究河北省出口蔬菜的质量水平、距离成本、出口流向和综合竞争力,最终为促进河北省蔬菜出口贸易的发展提出对策建议。从河北省蔬菜的发展现状及问题来看,在蔬菜生产方面,生产规模不断扩大,区域分布高度集中,品种区域多样化;消费方面,与粮食和水果类食品相比,城市家庭居民对蔬菜质量和品种的要求日益增加,农村居民家庭对蔬菜的消费量也有所提高;出口贸易方面,2013年,蔬菜出口量和出口额都呈上升趋势,但出口环节仍属河北省蔬菜的薄弱一环。在蔬菜出口贸易过程中存在着政府监管力度轻、质量安全程度低;深加工水平低、出口品种相对单一;品牌效益不显著,推介平台较落后;储运成本高;目标市场相对集中;出口竞争力薄弱等问题。通过构建河北省蔬菜出口贸易引力模型,对河北省与主要贸易伙伴间的蔬菜出口贸易进行实证分析,找出影响河北省蔬菜出口国际市场的主要因素。从经济发展水平来看,河北蔬菜对亚洲及欧美经济发展实力较强的国家具有较大吸引力,但这些国家对出口商品的质量和食品安全要求也更为苛刻;从距离成本来看,河北蔬菜对距离河北省较近且国土面积较小的国家贸易吸引力较大,如日本、韩国等亚洲市场就占据了整个出口市场的三分之一,这样的出口格局也加剧了河北省蔬菜出口贸易的贸易风险。通过构建显示竞争力指标体系,对河北省蔬菜的出口竞争力进行分析,河北蔬菜在国际市场占有率、显性竞争力比较优势和出口贡献率方面与山东、浙江、福建和广东仍存在较大差距,但仍具有一定的贸易竞争力优势。但从整体来看河北省出口蔬菜综合显性竞争力仍相对薄弱,需要从质量、品种研发、目标客户群、品牌培育等方面不断提高河北蔬菜出口竞争力。最后,在研究河北省蔬菜的发展现状及问题、主要影响因素和出口竞争力的基础上,进一步提出促进河北省蔬菜出口贸易发展的合理的对策建议。
[Abstract]:After more than 20 years' rapid development, vegetables in Hebei Province have become the largest industry in Hebei Province. Up to 2013, the planting area of vegetables in Hebei Province reached 1.2204 million hectares, with a total yield of 79.021 million tons, ranking second in the country for 16 years in a row.At the same time, with the development of economic globalization and market economic system, the export trade of vegetables in Hebei Province is on the rise year by year, but there is still a big gap between the vegetable output and domestic sales in Hebei Province.The development of export vegetables has become an important way and breakthrough to increase export foreign exchange and improve the quality and benefit of vegetables in Hebei Province.Therefore, the study of Hebei vegetable export trade has important practical significance to increase farmers' income and increase export earnings.Based on the analysis of the present situation of vegetable supply, consumption and export trade in Hebei Province, this paper finds out a series of problems, and establishes a trade gravity model and an index system of dominant competitiveness.Using Eviews3.0 software and coefficient of variation heteroscedasticity weighting method, the quality level and distance cost of Hebei export vegetables are further studied from the perspective of the main influencing factors and export competitiveness of Hebei vegetable export international market.The direction of export and the comprehensive competitiveness, finally, to promote the development of vegetable export trade in Hebei Province put forward countermeasures and suggestions.From the point of view of the present situation and problems of vegetable development in Hebei Province, in vegetable production, the scale of vegetable production is continuously expanded, the regional distribution is highly concentrated, the variety is diversified, and the consumption aspect is compared with food and fruit food.Urban households are increasingly demanding the quality and variety of vegetables, and rural households are consuming more vegetables. In terms of export trade, both exports and exports showed an upward trend in 2013.But the export link is still a weak link of vegetables in Hebei Province.In the process of vegetable export trade, there are light government supervision, low quality and safety degree, low level of deep processing, relatively single export variety, low brand benefit, backward promotion platform, high storage and transportation cost, relatively concentrated target market;Weak export competitiveness and other issues.By constructing the gravity model of vegetable export trade in Hebei Province, the paper analyzes the vegetable export trade between Hebei Province and its main trading partners, and finds out the main factors that affect the international market of Hebei vegetable export.In terms of the level of economic development, Hebei vegetables are more attractive to countries with stronger economic development in Asia and Europe and the United States, but these countries also have more stringent requirements on the quality of their exports and food safety; in terms of distance costs,Hebei vegetables are more attractive to trade in countries closer to Hebei and smaller in size. Asian markets such as Japan and South Korea account for 1/3 of the total export market.Such an export pattern also intensifies the trade risk of Hebei vegetable export trade.Through constructing the index system of showing competitiveness, the author analyzes the export competitiveness of Hebei vegetables. Hebei vegetables share in international market, dominant competitive comparative advantage and export contribution rate are compared with Shandong and Zhejiang.Fujian and Guangdong still exist big disparity, but still have certain trade competitive advantage.However, the comprehensive dominant competitiveness of Hebei export vegetables is still relatively weak, and it is necessary to improve Hebei vegetable export competitiveness from the aspects of quality, variety research and development, target customer group, brand cultivation and so on.Finally, on the basis of studying the present situation and problems of vegetable export in Hebei Province, the main influencing factors and export competitiveness, the author puts forward some reasonable countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of vegetable export trade in Hebei Province.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.13;F752.62

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