发达国家再工业化战略对中国制造业出口竞争力影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 06:16

本文选题：再工业化战略 + 制造业　；参考：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由2008年美国次贷危机引发的全球金融危机爆发后,世界各主要发达国家经济受到巨大冲击。在认识到产业空洞化和过度发展虚拟经济所带来的危害的同时,各国纷纷将经济重心转向实体经济,由此拉开了实施再工业化战略的序幕。再工业化战略并不是简单的恢复和发展传统制造产业,而是要求将网络化、信息化与智能化融入现代制造业中,建立新型工业体系,通过实体经济的回归与变革促进产业升级,发展高端制造业并提高工业信息化和创新能力,支持经济的可持续稳定增长。再工业化战略,在一定程度上促进了各主要发达国家经济的恢复,对世界制造业的竞争格局产生了深远影响。本文分析了当前全球视角下发达国家再工业化战略实施的背景和意义,详述了主要发达国家再工业化的战略实施及其政策体系,对典型发达国家再工业化战略对于中国制造业出口竞争力的影响路径进行深入探究,并构建显示性比较优势指数、市场渗透率指数以及可比净出口指数三个指标组成的测算体系,同时作为被解释变量,构建模型,从影响路径中总结影响因素作为解释变量来对被解释变量进行实证分析,来衡量以美、德、日为主的发达国家再工业化战略对中国制造业分层级出口竞争力的影响。经过实证研究,发现整体来说我国中、高端科技制造业对三国出口竞争力受再工业化政策影响较大,并于2012年左右出现下滑趋势;各影响因素解释市场渗透率效果为最佳,我国制造业出口竞争力优势主要集中于高、低科技两层级制造业。同时发现发达国家人均GDP与总税率分别对我国制造业出口竞争力有较大影响以及较小的影响;其余对中国制造业出口竞争力影响由大到小的因素依次是:百万人口中研发人员数、高技术制造业出口比重、科研经费投入强度、制造业每小时工资、对中国直接投资;其中中国制造业劳动成本年增长速度快于发达国家致使我国制造业出口竞争力减弱,而中国科研经费投入强度与高技术制造业出口比重增长速度高于发达国家,致使我国制造业出口竞争力在增强。在此分析基础上,本文从制造业转型升级、先进制造业融合度集聚度、教育制度改革、国家创新体系国际化以及贸易对策五方面提出了提升我国制造业出口竞争力的对策建议。
[Abstract]:After the outbreak of the global financial crisis caused by the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States in 2008, the economies of major developed countries in the world were greatly affected. In recognition of the harm caused by industrial hollowing and excessive development of virtual economy, many countries have shifted their economic focus to the real economy, which has opened the prelude to the implementation of the strategy of reindustrialization. The strategy of re-industrialization is not simply to restore and develop traditional manufacturing industry, but to integrate network, information and intelligence into modern manufacturing industry, to establish a new industrial system, and to promote industrial upgrading through the return and transformation of real economy. Develop high-end manufacturing industry and improve industrial informatization and innovation capabilities to support sustainable and stable economic growth. To some extent, the strategy of reindustrialization has promoted the economic recovery of the major developed countries, and has had a profound impact on the competitive pattern of the world manufacturing industry. This paper analyzes the background and significance of the implementation of the strategy of reindustrialization in developed countries from the current global perspective, and details the implementation of the strategy and the policy system of the reindustrialization of the major developed countries. This paper probes into the influence of the reindustrialization strategy of typical developed countries on the export competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry, and constructs the index of display comparative advantage. The measurement system of market penetration index and comparable net export index is used as the explained variable to construct the model and summarize the influencing factors as the explanatory variable from the influence path to carry on the empirical analysis to the explained variable. To measure the impact of the reindustrialization strategy of the developed countries based on the United States, Germany and Japan on the hierarchical export competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry. Through the empirical research, we find that in China, the high-end technology manufacturing industry has a great impact on the export competitiveness of the three countries by the re-industrialization policy, and has a downward trend around 2012. Our country manufacturing industry export competitive advantage mainly concentrates in the high, low-tech two levels manufacturing industry. At the same time, it is found that the per capita GDP and the total tax rate of developed countries have a greater and smaller impact on the export competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry. The other factors that affect the export competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry are: the number of R & D personnel in the millions of people, the proportion of high-tech manufacturing industry exports, the intensity of investment in scientific research funds, the hourly wage of manufacturing industry, and the direct investment in China; Among them, the annual growth rate of Chinese manufacturing labor cost is faster than that of developed countries, which weakens the competitiveness of China's manufacturing exports, while the intensity of Chinese scientific research funds and the proportion of high-tech manufacturing exports increase faster than those of developed countries. As a result, the export competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry is increasing. On the basis of this analysis, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to enhance the export competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry from five aspects: the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, the convergence of the advanced manufacturing industry, the reform of the education system, the internationalization of the national innovation system and the trade countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F424;F752.62

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