汉口茶叶对外贸易的兴盛及其对汉口城市的影响（1861-1917）

发布时间：2018-04-27 12:18

本文选题：晚清 + 汉口　；参考：《安徽农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉口开埠后,依托本身拥有着茶源丰富的腹地、九省通衢的地理位置、发达的交通条件、重商主义的优势,在各地商人的联合推动下,汉口逐渐发展兴盛。1886年输出最高达268万担,1871-1890年每年出口都在200万担以上。汉口成为全国茶叶集散地,也是与上海、天津港形成良好联动的内陆开埠港口。另外,国际市场的需求和外国势力的入侵,使得中国卷入了世界的纷争,汉口茶业也不可避免受到西方的影响,特别是英国和俄国对于汉口茶市的把控,决定了汉口茶叶的出口品类,也影响着汉口茶叶出口的兴衰。清代以来,虽然汉口遭遇城市体系被破坏,1849年的自然灾害和战祸的影响,但是汉口还一直保持着持续性的发展。开埠后汉口茶叶对外贸易的发展与汉口社会经济文化的变迁息息相关,对汉口从一座传统商业城镇向近现代化商业城市的转变产生了不可忽略的影响,可以说,近代汉口是一座因茶而闻名的城市,茶叶出口贸易影响着汉口的近代工业、金融业、人口结构、社会组织、社会风俗等。整理分析有关晚清汉口史料,详实地叙述晚晴汉口的历史变迁,进一步地探讨茶叶对外贸易对汉口社会经济文化的影响。茶业对外贸易的兴盛使得俄国砖茶厂迁入,催生了汉口砖茶业。茶叶对外贸易使得传统金融业变革,外国银行、洋行纷纷设立,国人也筹建中国银行,促进了汉口近代金融系统的产生;随着贸易的兴起,外来人口增多,洋人和各地商民进入汉口,给汉口的社会结构带来了改变,同时,带来了不同地区的风俗与文化,它们在此碰撞交融,产生了汉口独有的商业文化。由于对外贸易需要,货物运输成为一项可观的商业投资,使得轮船运输、交通路线得到了发展。汉口茶叶出口的兴盛使得汉口不仅是湖北省的商品集散地,还成为了全国以及国际商业都会。
[Abstract]:After the opening of the port in Hankou, relying on its own rich hinterland of tea, the geographical location of the thoroughfare of nine provinces, the developed traffic conditions, and the superiority of mercantilism, it was promoted by the joint efforts of local businessmen. Hankou gradually developed and flourished. In 1886 the highest output was 2.68 million densities. In 1871-1890, the annual exports were above 2 million. Hankou has become the national tea distribution center, and with Shanghai, Tianjin Port to form a good linkage of inland port port. In addition, with the demand of the international market and the invasion of foreign forces, China has become involved in world disputes, and the tea industry in Hankou is inevitably influenced by the West, especially the control of the Hankou tea market by Britain and Russia. Determines the Hankou tea export category, also affects the Hankou tea export rise and fall. Since the Qing Dynasty, although Hankou suffered from the destruction of the urban system, the impact of natural disasters and war disasters in 1849, but Hankou has maintained a sustained development. Since the opening of the port, the development of tea foreign trade in Hankou is closely related to the social, economic and cultural changes in Hankou, which has had an unnegligible impact on the transformation of Hankou from a traditional commercial town to a modern commercial city. Hankou is a famous city for tea in modern times. Tea export trade affects Hankou's modern industry, financial industry, population structure, social organization, social customs and so on. This paper analyzes the historical data of Hankou in the late Qing Dynasty, narrates the historical changes of Hankou in detail, and further discusses the influence of foreign trade of tea on the social economy and culture of Hankou. The prosperity of foreign trade of tea industry made Russian brick tea factory move in and gave birth to Hankou brick tea industry. Foreign trade in tea has transformed the traditional financial sector, foreign banks and foreign banks have been set up, and Chinese people are also preparing to build the Bank of China, which has promoted the emergence of the modern financial system in Hankou. With the rise of trade, the number of foreign people has increased. The entry of foreigners and local merchants into Hankou changed the social structure of Hankou, and at the same time brought about the customs and cultures of different regions, which collided with each other and produced the unique commercial culture of Hankou. Because of the need of foreign trade, freight transportation becomes a considerable commercial investment, which makes ship transportation and traffic route develop. The prosperity of Hankou tea export makes Hankou not only a commodity distribution center in Hubei Province, but also a national and international commercial city.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F752.9

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