WTO与中国自然资源出口限制研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 20:05

本文选题：自然资源贸易 + 出口限制措施　；参考：《国际贸易经济合作研究院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自然资源作为人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础,其重要性不言而喻,自然资源具有的区别与其他货物的特征,更需要我们格外重视。当今世界,自然资源贸易构成了国际贸易的重要组成部分,无论是世界还是中国的自然资源贸易都得到了极大的发展,规模不断扩张。中国作为资源贸易大国,向世界供应大规模的矿产资源,然而从中国国情来说,虽然自然资源总量丰富,但人均占有量不足,随着经济社会的持续发展,自然资源的消耗急剧增加,资源不合理开发利用造成的环境问题也日益严重。中国需要合理开发利用自然资源,优化国内生产,限制自然资源出口,以保证可持续发展。目前,中国开始加强对国内自然资源的综合管理,包括采取措施对资源进行保护性开采,提升资源利用的程度,延长产业链,提高资源附加值和实施出口限制等。但是作为WTO成员国,通过实施出口限制措施来保护自然资源,很容易受到其他成员国的指责,甚至导致贸易摩擦和争端。在WTO框架下,掌握WTO关于自然资源保护的有关规则,利用WTO现有的规则实施合理的出口限制措施来保护本国的自然资源,是摆在中国面前的一个重要问题。本论文首先对自然资源的相关概念进行了界定,并从经济学角度对其独有的特征进行了归纳总结。然后,从不同的角度探究了全球自然资源贸易和中国自然资源贸易的发展现状及呈现出来的特点,对当前的自然资源贸易形势形成比较全面的认识。其次,详细阐述了WTO出口限制规则中有关自然资源的一般条款和例外条款,并对国内自然资源出口限制政策和中国加入WTO做出的关于自然资源出口限制的承诺与WTO规则的合规性方面做出深刻的剖析。最后,结合前文关于WTO与中国自然资源出口限制规则的研究,分析了中国原材料案和稀土案这两个典型案例,从而对规则的具体适用条件和范围有了清晰的了解。结论简要总结了本文的基本内容,寄望本文的政策建议能够对未来的资源贸易政策制定有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:The importance of natural resources as the material basis for human survival and development is self-evident. The difference between natural resources and the characteristics of other goods requires us to pay more attention. In today's world, the trade of natural resources constitutes an important part of international trade, and the world or China's natural resource trade is all obtained. As a big resource trade country, China is a large resource trade country, which supplies large-scale mineral resources to the world. However, in terms of China's national conditions, although the total amount of natural resources is rich, the per capita possession is insufficient. With the continuous development of the economy and society, the consumption of natural resources is increasing rapidly, and the irrational exploitation and utilization of resources is the result. The environmental problems are also increasingly serious. China needs to develop and utilize natural resources rationally, optimize domestic production and restrict the export of natural resources to ensure sustainable development. At present, China has begun to strengthen the comprehensive management of natural resources in China, including measures to protect the resources, improve the utilization of resources, and extend the industrial chain. High resources added value and export restrictions, but as a member of the WTO, the protection of natural resources by implementing export restrictions is easily accused by other Member States, even trade frictions and disputes. Under the framework of WTO, the rules on the protection of natural resources by WTO are mastered, and the existing rules of the WTO are used to implement reasonable rules. The export restriction measures to protect the natural resources of the country is an important issue in front of China. This paper first defines the related concepts of natural resources and sums up its unique characteristics from the economic perspective. Then, the global natural resource trade and China's natural resource trade are explored from different angles. The present situation and characteristics of the development of the natural resources are fully understood. Secondly, the general provisions and exceptions of natural resources in the WTO export restriction rules are elaborated, and the restrictions on domestic natural resources export restrictions and the export limits on natural resources made by China's entry into WTO The commitment of the system is deeply dissected with the compliance of the WTO rules. Finally, the two typical cases of the original material case and the rare earth case in China are analyzed with the previous study of the restrictions on the export of natural resources in China and WTO. This is a clear understanding of the specific conditions and scope of the rules. The main content of this paper is that the policy recommendations of this paper will have some guiding significance for the formulation of future resource trade policies.
【学位授予单位】：国际贸易经济合作研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F743.1;F752.62

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