论国际贸易学的学科要素

发布时间：2018-08-14 14:27

【摘要】：十九世纪新古典经济学家马歇尔指出,国际贸易的发达程度决定着各国经济的进步程度。由此可见,自近代以来,国际贸易在世界经济增长中扮演不可或缺的角色。然而,随着现代国际贸易的迅速扩张,西方学术界对贸易学的视角一直局限于"据"而非"理",这是当代贸易学的发展偏差,尤其是片面地强调科学至上、滥用技术以及不计后果过度开发等问题。一些国际贸易学家热衷于对片面的形式化和模型化进行追捧,通过数学方式将国际贸易学变成像"科学",他们认为如果不用数学模型的方法研究贸易学就不够"科学"、"规范"。国际贸易学研究中常常以应用数学工具的程度作用贸易学研究水平的标志,但过度的科学化会使国际贸易学陷入僵局。相比之下,对贸易学中真正需要重视的问题,如国际贸易学学科要素的研究,西方学术界目前没有这方面的研究成果出现。国际贸易学在资本主义原始积累时期就已经开始萌芽,这是一门既古老又新兴的学科。过去的国际贸易学的主要表现形式为国与国之间进行商品互换而忽略了国际服务,基本上整个国际贸易学围绕着"国际贸易利益"展开,并未对国际贸易学的研究对象、主要的研究任务和研究方法、理论主线、逻辑要求及理论体系等方面进行具体的阐述。因此,本文主要是对国际贸易学的学科七要素进行阐述,在绪论部分,阐明了本文的研究背景、目的与意义;紧接着交代了国际贸易学的研究对象、研究的任务和采取的研究方法。本文将国际贸易理论与实务分开,遵循当代国际贸易的发展轨迹,重新探索构建国际贸易的理论体系,以国际贸易利益为核心概念,并以贸易自由主义与贸易保护主义的争论为理论主线展开国际贸易学的基本内容,采用过程法、抽象法、分析法、比较法等主要的研究方法,着重阐述国际贸易的原因、基础、条件、环境、政策、趋势等主要理论,力求客观而系统地说明国际贸易发展的特点、根据及其规律性。
[Abstract]:Marshall, a neoclassical economist in the 19 th century, pointed out that the degree of development of international trade determines the economic progress of various countries. Thus, since modern times, international trade has played an indispensable role in world economic growth. However, with the rapid expansion of modern international trade, the perspective of western academic circles on trade has been confined to "according to" rather than "theory", which is the deviation of the development of modern trade science, especially the one-sided emphasis on the supremacy of science. Abuse of technology and regardless of the consequences of over-exploitation and other issues. Some international trade scientists are keen to pursue one-sided formalization and modelization and turn international trade science into "science" by mathematical means. They think that it is not enough "science" and "norm" to study trade science without mathematical model. The level of international trade research is often marked by the degree of application of mathematical tools, but excessive scientization will lead to the deadlock of international trade. In contrast, there are no research achievements in the field of international trade, such as the research on the elements of international trade, which need to be paid more attention to. The science of international trade has begun to sprout in the primitive accumulation period of capitalism, which is an old and new subject. In the past, the main manifestation of international trade was the exchange of goods between countries and the neglect of international services. Basically, the whole science of international trade revolved around the "interests of international trade", and it did not focus on the object of study of the science of international trade. The main research tasks and research methods, theoretical main line, logic requirements and theoretical system are elaborated. Therefore, this paper mainly expounds the seven elements of the subject of international trade. In the introduction part, it clarifies the research background, purpose and significance of this paper, and then explains the research object of international trade. Research tasks and methods adopted. In this paper, the theory of international trade is separated from practice, followed the development track of contemporary international trade, and the theoretical system of international trade is re-explored, with the core concept of international trade interests as the core. Taking the controversy between trade liberalism and trade protectionism as the theoretical main line, the author introduces the basic contents of international trade, and uses the process method, abstract method, analysis method, comparative method and other main research methods to explain the reason and foundation of international trade. The main theories, such as conditions, environment, policies, trends and so on, strive to explain objectively and systematically the characteristics, basis and regularity of the development of international trade.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F740

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