1994年到2013年欧元区失业问题的分析

发布时间：2017-12-28 09:08

本文关键词：1994年到2013年欧元区失业问题的分析　出处：《四川师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：欧元区是在上世纪90年代成立的,但在1999年推行欧元之后,单一货币导致了一系列经济和社会的后果。在2008年经济“大衰退”开始的时候,各国的经济增长幅度开始下降,普遍进入了衰退期。大部分国家失业率增加了。失业率不只是一个经济比率,它也是一个影响人民生活的社会问题。从2009年开始,在欧元区的国家内逐渐发展成了两种不同的状况。在称为的“南部国家”比如说PIIGS国家(葡萄牙、意大利、爱尔兰、希腊、西班牙),失业率飙升了。与此同时在“北部国家”却出现了相反的现象;他们的失业率停滞或者缓慢增加了。研究失业率的问题很有趣,因为失业率的变化既反映了一个国家劳动市场的状况,也反映了人民的生活状态。本文的目的是通过分析1994年到2013年欧元区各国内的失业率变化,深入解剖失业的原因,为欧元区国家政府进行改革,解决这个经济和社会的问题提供政策建议。本文的最大创新是统计数据的根源,它们来自于各国的统计局,而不是来自于欧洲统计局。欧洲统计局使用同样的计算方式计算各国的经济比率,是它的好处。但是因为它的数据与各国数据有很大的差异,另外还有数据可信性的问题,所以本文使用各国统计局的数据。看完很多关于欧元区国家失业率问题报告与文章之后,本文将重点解释欧元区国家中的不同的失业水平,对比南北国家之间失业率的不同。南部国家劳动市场上的灵活性缺乏和结构性问题导致它们对2008年经济危机的抗御能力减弱。北部国家对国内市场进行改革之后对“大衰退”的搞御能力明显提高了。
[Abstract]:The eurozone was established in the 90s of the last century, but after the euro was introduced in 1999, a single currency has led to a series of economic and social consequences. At the beginning of the "Great Recession" in 2008, the economic growth of each country began to decline, and it was generally in recession. The unemployment rate has increased in most countries. The unemployment rate is not only an economic ratio, it is also a social problem that affects the people's life. Since 2009, two different conditions have been developed in the euro zone. In the so-called "southern countries" such as PIIGS countries (Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece, Spain), the unemployment rate has soared. At the same time, in the "northern countries", there is a reverse phenomenon; their unemployment rate is stagnant or slowly increasing. It is interesting to study the unemployment rate, because the change of the unemployment rate reflects both the state of the labor market in a country and the living state of the people. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the causes of unemployment in the euro area by analyzing the changes of the domestic unemployment rate in the euro area from 1994 to 2013, and to provide policy recommendations for the reform of the euro area governments to solve the economic and social problems. The biggest innovation in this article is the root of the statistical data, which come from the statistics bureaus of all countries, not from the European statistics bureau. It is the advantage of the European statistics bureau to calculate the economic ratio of countries in the same way. But because its data is very different from national data, there is also a problem of data credibility, so this paper uses the data of the National Bureau of statistics. After reading many reports and articles about the unemployment rate in euro area countries, this article will focus on explaining the different level of unemployment in euro area countries, and compare the difference of unemployment rate between North and South countries. The lack of flexibility and structural problems in the labour market in the southern countries have led to their weakening of their resistance to the 2008 economic crisis. After the reform of the domestic market, the northern countries have improved their ability to resist the "Great Recession".
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F249.5

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